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Pharmacy Practice II > OTC Dosing: Midterm > Flashcards

OTC Dosing: Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Racepinephrine

A 
B: Asthmanefrin
D: 2.25% Nebulizer solution
F: 1-3 inhalations, not more than every 3hr
M: 12 inhalations per day
SE: Tachycardia, nervousness
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2
Q

Bronkaid

A 
G: Ephedrine / Guaifenesin
D: 25mg ephedrine, 400mg guaifenesin
F: 1 tablet Q 4hr PRN
M: 6 tablets per day
SE: 
- Ephedrine: palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias
- Guaifenesin: nephrolithiasis
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3
Q

Primatene

A 
G: Ephedrine / Guaifenesin
D: 12.5mg ephedrine, 200mg guaifenesin
F: 1-2 tablets Q 4hr PRN
M: 12 tablets per day
SE: 
- Ephedrine: palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias
- Guaifenesin: nephrolithiasis
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4
Q

Epinephrine Inhaler

A

B: Primatene Mist
D: Epinephrine 0.125 mg per spray
F: Inhale 1 puff by mouth, may repeat x1 after one minute if symptoms not relieved
M: 8 inhalations in 24 hours
SE: restlessness, excitability, palpitations, headache

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5
Q

Clotrimazole

A 
B: Lotrimin AF, Cruex
D: 1% topical cream
F: Apply to affected area twice daily for 2 weeks (cruris) or 4 weeks (pedis, corporis)
M: N/A
SE: mild skin irritation (sting, burn)
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6
Q

Tolnaftate

A

B: Tinactin, Fungi-Guard
D: 1% (Topical cream, gel, solution, powder)
F: Apply to affected area twice daily for 2-4 weeks
M: N/A
SE: Stinging

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7
Q

Aluminum salts

A

B: Burow’s solution, Domeboro
D: Mix 1-3 packets in 16 ounces of water, soak affected area for 15-30 minutes, repeat 3 times daily
F: Up to 1 week
M: N/A
SE: skin dryness, burn, sting, tissue necrosis

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8
Q

Insulin regular (bolus)

A

B: Novolin R, Humulin R

Type 1 diabetes:

  • Initial: 0.2-0.5 units/kg/day
  • Divide 1/2 daily dose as basal and 1/2 daily dose bolus
  • Dose individualized up to 1 unit/kg/day

Type 2 diabetes:

  • Initial: single dose of basal insulin (conservative starting dose)
  • 10 units daily empirically OR
  • 0.1-0.2 units/kg per day
  • 0.3-0.4 units/kg per day if severe hyperglycemia
  • Usually administered at bedtime (SubQ injection)
F: 
- Insulin regular: BID – QID (30 min b4 meals)
- Insulin NPH: once or twice daily
M: Individualized
SE: weight gain, hypoglycemia
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9
Q

Insulin NPH (intermediate/basal)

A

B: Novolin N, Humulin N

Type 1 diabetes:

  • Initial: 0.2-0.5 units/kg/day
  • Divide 1/2 daily dose as basal and 1/2 daily dose bolus
  • Dose individualized up to 1 unit/kg/day

Type 2 diabetes:

  • Initial: single dose of basal insulin (conservative starting dose)
  • 10 units daily empirically OR
  • 0.1-0.2 units/kg per day
  • 0.3-0.4 units/kg per day if severe hyperglycemia
  • Usually administered at bedtime (SubQ injection)
F: 
- Insulin regular: BID – QID (30 min b4 meals)
- Insulin NPH: once or twice daily
M: Individualized
SE: weight gain, hypoglycemia
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10
Q

Salicylic Acid

A

B: Dr. Scholl’s, Trans-ver-sal, Compound W

Plaster vehicle (disks and pads): 12%-40%

  • Apply 1 patch to wart, callus, or corn
  • Repeat every 48 hours as needed
  • Maximum 14 days

Collodion-like vehicle: 12%-17.6%
- Apply 1 drop directly to lesion until
covered, twice daily
- Maximum 14 days

M: N/A
SE: redness, irritation

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11
Q

Dimethyl ether + propane

A

B: Compound W, Freeze Off Wart Removal System

  • Place tip on wart for 20-40 seconds
  • Repeat after 10-14 days, up to 3x

M: N/A
SE: blistering, scarring, hypo/hyper pigmentation

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12
Q

Naphazoline eye drops

A

B: Naphcon
D: 1-2 gtts up to qid
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion

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13
Q

Tetrahydrozoline eye drops

A

B: Opti Clear, Visine Original
D: 1-2 gtts q 4h
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion

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14
Q

Phenylephrine eye drops

A

D: 1-2 gtts up to qid
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion

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15
Q

Oxymetazoline eye drops

A

B: Visine LR
D: 1-2 gtts q 6h
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion

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16
Q

Ketotifen eye drops

A

B: Zaditor, Alaway
D: 1 gtts twice daily
SE: Burning, stinging and slight ?

17
Q

Naphazoline and Pheniramine eye drops

A

B: Naphcon A
D: 1-2 gtts up to qid
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion, burning, stinging and slight ?

18
Q

Naphazoline and Antazoline

A

B: Albalon A
D: 1-2 gtts up to qid
Max: 72 hours
SE: pupil dilation, rebound congestion, burning, stinging and slight ?

19
Q

Carbamide peroxide

A

B: Debrox, Murine
D/F: Impacted Cerumen, 6.5% drops
- Instill 5-10 drops twice daily in the affected ear(s) for up to 4 days
SE: transient stinging

20
Q

Isopropyl alcohol with anhydrous glycerin

A 
B: Auro-Dri, Swim Ear Drops
D/F: Swimmers Ear
- 95% Isopropyl alcohol
- After shower/swim, apply 4-5 drops into ear
- Keep drops in ear for several minutes
SE: ear pain, itch, irritation, warmth
21
Q

Aluminum acetate solution

A 
B: Burow’s Solution, Domeboro
D/F: Contact Dermatitis of the ear
- 5% solution
- Mix 1-3 packets in 16 ounces of water
- Soak affected area for 15-30 minutes
- Repeat 3 times daily
- Up to 1 week
SE: skin dryness, burning, stinging, tissue necrosis
22
Q

Hydrocortisone (0.5-1%) (FOR EAR)

A

B: Cortisone
D/F: Psoriasis of the ear topical cream or ointment: BID-TID until improved
Max: 7 days, then PRN only
SE: Infection, skin injury (prolonged use, especially on face!) such as skin atrophy, acneiform eruptions, irritation, folliculitis, skin tightening & cracking

23
Q

Pyrithione zinc 0.3-2% Shampoo

A

B: Head & Shoulders

Dandruff:
- Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes then rinse 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp use shampoo; skin on face or body use ointment, cream or gel): Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

SE: skin irritation

24
Q

Ketoconazole 1% Shampoo

A

B: Nizoral

Dandruff:
Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes then rinse, 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp):
Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

SE: hair loss or abnormal texture,
skin irritation or dryness

25
Q

Coal tar 0.5-5%

A

B: Denorex

Dandruff:
- Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes then rinse, 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp use shampoo; skin on face or body use ointment, cream or gel):
- Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

Psoriasis-chronic phase (skin on face or body use ointment, cream or gel):
- Usually applied overnight, washed off in the morning

SE: skin irritation, photosensitization, dermatitis, may stain hair/clothes/jewelry, unpleasant odor/color

26
Q

Salicylic Acid (1.8-3%) Shampoo

A

B: T-Sal Therapeutic Shampoo, Cerave

Dandruff: Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes, then rinse 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp use shampoo; skin on face or body use ointment, cream or gel): Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

Psoriasis (body use ointment, cream or gel):
- Apply 1 to 4 times daily

Acne (cleanser or gel):
Use once or twice a day to affected area only. Referrer after 6 weeks if no improvements

SE:

  • Skin irritation, altered hair appearance
  • Psoriasis: avoid application over large areas
  • Acne: comedolytic, hypersensitivity reaction, excessive peeling, sun sensitivity
27
Q

Selenium Sulfide (1%)

A

B: Selsun Blue

Dandruff:
- Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes then rinse, 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp):
- Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

SE: may discolor hair, especially light colors, may cause oily scalp

28
Q

Sulfur (2-5%) Shampoo

A

B: Sulfur8

Dandruff:
- Usual dose: Apply for 5-10 minutes then rinse, 2-3x weekly until symptom control, then decrease to q1-2 weeks

Seborrheic Dermatitis (scalp use shampoo; skin on face or body use ointment, cream, or gel):
- Daily (1st wk), then 2-3x weekly (4 wks), then weekly

SE: skin irritation, altered hair appearance

29
Q

Hydrocortisone (0.5-1%) (seborrhea for acute exacerbations)

A

B: Cortisone

Seborrheic Dermatitis (around the scalp edges apply cream or ointment):

  • BID-TID until improved
  • Max 7 days, then PRN only

Psoriasis-acute flares (body): 1% ointment up to twice day for 7 days then PRN

SE: Infection, skin injury (prolonged use, especially on face!) such as skin atrophy, acneiform eruptions, irritation, folliculitis, skin tightening & cracking

30
Q

Docosanol

A

B: Abreva

10% cream
- Apply to affected area 5x daily as soon
as onset of symptoms (e.g tingling)
- Referral if no improvement after 14
days

Max: 5 topical applications per day
SE: burn/tingling

Pharmacy Practice II (25 decks)

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