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Pharmacy Practice II > OTC Dosing: Final > Flashcards

OTC Dosing: Final Flashcards

1
Q

Hydroquinone

A

2% cream
• Apply to affected area twice daily
- If no improvement after 2 months, discontinue

MAX: 2 topical applications/day

SE: Mild tingling, burning, hypopigmentation

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2
Q

Minoxidil

A

Rogaine

2% topical solution; 5% topical solution
• Apply 1 mL twice daily topically to area where growth is desired
• Allow 2-4 hrs to penetrate scalp

5% aerosol foam
• For men apply 1⁄2 capful twice daily to area where hair is desired
• For women apply 1⁄2 capful daily to area where hair is desired

  • Treat for at least 4 months to stimulate hair growth

MAX: Aerosol foam: 1⁄2-1 capful/day

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3
Q

Orlistat

A

Alli

60mg oral capsule
• 1 capsule by mouth TID with each main meal containing fat
• Take during the meal or up to 1 hour after the meal
• If meal is missed or contains no fat, the dose can be omitted

MAX: 180 mg/day

SE: GI (flatulence, loose stools, fatty stools, fecal urgency, oily spotting)

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4
Q

Petrolatum

A

Vaseline

Apply 3-4 times/day

Do not apply over puncture wounds, laceration or broken skin

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5
Q

Aluminum acetate

A

Burow’s solution, Domeboro

  • Dilute 1:40 before use
  • Mix 1 packet or 1 tablet in 16 ounces of water (or 1 pint water)
  • Soak affected area for 15-30 minutes BID-QID

Up to 2 days for acute dermatitis

SE: Skin dryness, burning, stinging, tissue necrosis

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6
Q

Calamine Lotion

A

Apply as needed to affected area 3-4x/day

MAX: 7 days

SE: minimal adverse effects; ok for adults, children, and infants

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7
Q

DEET, Insect repellent

A

Repel 100, Coleman DEET

Repellant Insect bites (sprays, solutions, creams, wipes):

  • Most adults: 10-40% (>20% to repel ticks)
  • Children: <30%

AVOID in <2 months old

Apply every 4 to 8 hours

SE: skin irritation and toxic if ingested

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8
Q

Synergized pyrethrins: Lice treatment

A

Nix

  • Children > 2 years of age

Administration
• Apply to dry hair x10 minutes, lather and rinse over
sink (for foam, remove with shampoo or soap and water)
• Comb with lice comb after treatment
• Repeat treatment in 7-10 days to kill remaining nits

MAX: Do not apply more than 2x in 24 hr

SE: very low toxicity; skin irritation, erythema, itching, swelling

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9
Q

Permethrin: Lice treatment

A

Rid, Nix
- children > 2 months

Administration
• Cream rinse to cover shampooed, wet, but towel-dried, hair and scalp
• Leave on scalp for 10 minutes before rinsing
• Comb with lice comb
• Rinse over sink with warm (not hot) water rather than bath/shower
• Re-treatment not required unless active lice detected
• Leaves hair residue to kill remaining nymphs not initially killed
• Suggest re-treat (day 9)

SE: very low toxicity, transient pruritus, burning, stinging, irritation

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10
Q

Dimethicone 4% lotion: Lice treatment

A

Vamousse

Leave on for 8 hours then wash

SE: Mild irritation

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11
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Benadryl

Topical Diphenhydramine for Itching (insect bites): Diphenhydramine (0.5-2%) Cream

  • Apply to bite area up to 3-4x/day
  • MAX: 7 days

SE: photosensitivity and hypersensitivity rxn

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12
Q

Topical Local Anesthetics: Benzocaine, Lidocaine

A

Itching-Insect bites (creams, ointments, aerosols, lotions):

  • Apply to bite area up to 3-4x/day
  • MAX: 7 days

SE: relatively nontoxic (may cause allergic contact dermatitis)

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13
Q

Zinc Oxide Titanium Oxide (Insect Bites)

A

Itching-Insect bites:

  • Apply as needed to affected area 3-4x/day
  • MAX: 7 days

SE: minimal adverse effects; ok for adults, children, and infants

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14
Q

Hydrocortisone 0.5-1%

A

Cortisone

Hydrocortisone cream or ointment
- Apply to bite area 3-4x/day for up to 7 days

SE: Infection, skin injury (prolonged use, especially on face!) such as skin atrophy, acneiform eruptions, irritation, folliculitis, skin tightening & cracking

*under insect bites and dermatitis but same stuff

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15
Q

Benzoyl peroxide (2.5- 10%)-Acne

A

Neutrogena, Clean and Clear

  • Cream, gel solutions and lotions:
    Apply daily for 1 -2 weeks and can increase to 2-3 times/day over a period of 2-3 days as tolerated
  • Foam: Apply daily
  • Cleansing lotion, foaming agent, cleansing bars, or liquid:
    Wash affected area 1-3 times/day
  • Facial Mask: Apply once weekly to once daily

Refer after 6 weeks if no improvement

SE: peeling, redness, stinging, burning, local and systemic hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis

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16
Q

Adapalene gel 0.1% Acne treatment

A

Differin

Acne: Ages>12 older

Apply once daily at bedtime

Refer after 6 weeks if no improvements

SE: mild irritation, redness, scaling, drying, stinging

17
Q

Sulfur

A

Sulfar Mask

  • Apply thin film 3 times daily

SE: Acne: Dry skin, noticeable odor and comedogenic

18
Q

Sulfur Combination with Resorcinol-Acne (adjunctive treatment)

A

Clearasil

1-3x times daily

Refer after 6 weeks if no improvements

SE: chalky yellow color, unpleasant odor

19
Q

Dimenhydrinate

A

Dramamine

Motion sickness

  • Adults (>12 years old) 50-100 mg every 4-6 hours
  • Children 6 to <12 years 25-50mg every 6 to 8 hours
  • Children <6 years old 12.5-25mg every 6 to 8 hours

MAX:

  • Adults: 400mg/day
  • Children 6 to <12 yrs: 150mg/day
  • Children <6 yr: 75mg/day

SE: sedation

20
Q

Meclizine

A

Dramamine All Day, Bonine Motion Sickness

Adults >12 years

25-50mg 1hour before travel

MAX: 50mg/day

SE: sedation

21
Q

Cyclizine

A

Bonine

  • Adults >12 yr: 50mg 30minutes before travel, then 50mg every 4-6 hours
  • Children 6 to <12 yr: 25mg every 6-8 hours

MAX:

  • Adults >12: 200 mg/day
  • Children 6 to <12: 75 mg/day

SE: sedation

22
Q

Diphenhydramine: NV

A

Benadryl

  • Adults (>12 years old): 25-50 mg every 4 hours
  • Children 6 to <12 years: 12.5-25mg every 4 hours
  • Children <6 years old: 6.25mg every 4 hours

MAX

  • Adults: 300mg/day
  • Children 6 to <12 yrs: 150mg/day
  • Children <6 yr: 25mg/day

SE: sedation

23
Q

Sun Screens

A

Coppertone

Apply 15 to 30 minutes before UV exposure and every 15 to 30 minutes thereafter (follow manufacturer’s instructions).

24
Q

Topical Local Anesthetics: Benzocaine, Lidocaine (Burns)

A

Lanacane

Creams, Ointments, Solutions

  • Use in adults/children 2+: clean the affected area and apply a small amount to affected area not more than 1 to 3 times daily
  • Refer if condition worsens, or symptoms persists for more than 7 days

Sprays

  • Shake can well, hold 6” to 12” from affected area; spray liberally.
  • Adults/children 2+: apply to affected area not more than 3 to 4 times daily. Refer if condition worsens, or symptoms persists for more than 7 days

SE: nontoxic (may cause allergic contact dermatitis)

Pharmacy Practice II (25 decks)

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