Minerals Flashcards
1
Q
Preventing Mineral Deficiency
A
- Grains: Iron
- Vegetables: Iron, Calcium
- Fruits: Iron
- Dairy: Calcium
- Proteins: Iron
2
Q
Calcium Deficiency
A
Causes of Deficiency
- Malabsorption
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Vitamin D deficiency
- Renal failure
- Anticonvulsant therapy
- Inadequate intake
Symptoms
- Bone deformities: rickets, osteomalacia/osteoporosis
- CNS: convulsions, mental status changes
3
Q
Calcium: AE and Toxicity
A
Adverse Effects
- Kidney stones
- Constipation
Toxicity
- Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, polyuria
- Calcium deposition in soft tissue
4
Q
Iron: Deficiency
A
Causes
- Blood loss
- Inadequate diet
- Malabsorption
- Pregnancy
- Diseases
- Peptic ulcer disease, hemorrhoids
- NSAIDs, salicylates, CS, AC
At Risk
- Children < 2
- Adolescents
- Pregnancy
- Advanced age
Symptoms
- Weakness, fatigue
- Pallor
- Split nails
- Sore tongue
- Dyspnea
5
Q
Iron: AE, Toxicity, DDI
A
AE
- GI mucosal irritation
- Constipation
- Black, tarry stools
Toxicity Sx
- Pain, nausea, vomit, diarrhea, electrolyte balance, shock
- Cardio collapse
DDI
- Antacid, tetracycline, levothyroxine, fluoroquinolones
6
Q
Resources
A
- National Institutes of Health
- National Osteoporosis Foundation
- Dietary Guidelines for Americans
