Osteoporosis

Question 1

Osteoporosis T score

Answer 1

< - 2.5

Question 2

What is the Z score

Answer 2

standard deviation from age matched women. not used to determine osteoporosis

Question 3

Osteopenia T score

Answer 3

T score < -1 , >-2.5

Question 4

Vitamin or nutritional deficiencies causing osteoporosis

Answer 4

osteomalacia (looser zones)
alcoholism
hypophosphatemia
scurvy (Wimberger sign)

Question 5

Endocrine causes of osteoporosis

Answer 5

HPT

Cushing disease

Question 6

DDx for focal osteopenia

Answer 6

immobility/disuse
reflex sympathetic osteodystrophy
transient regional osteoporosis of the hip

Question 7

Why does hypovitaminosis C (scurvy) cause osteopenia?

Answer 7

osteoblasts require vitamin C to form mature osteoid tissue

Question 8

Wimberger ring sign

Answer 8

Sign in Scurvy to describe epiphyseal sclerosis due to disorganized epiphyseal ossification

Question 9

Sign in Scurvy to describe epiphyseal sclerosis due to disorganized epiphyseal ossification

Answer 9

Wimberger sign

Question 10

Pelkin’s fracture

Answer 10

metaphyseal corner fracture in Scurvy

Question 11

Difference between osteomalacia and rickets

Answer 11

same thing, but osteomalacia is in adults while rickets in in kids

Question 12

Looser zone

Answer 12

pseudofracture along the weight bearing aspect. It is a cortical stress fracture in abnormal poorly mineralized osteoid

Question 13

typical sites of Looser zones

Answer 13

**medial proximal femur
distal scapulae
pubic bones