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CORE MSK > Bone lesions > Flashcards

Bone lesions Flashcards

1
Q

epiphyseal lucent lesion eccentrically located at the end of long bones

A

giant cell tumor

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2
Q

Multifocal giant cell tumors seen in what conditions?

A

Paget disease or hyperparathyroidism

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3
Q

Treatment for GCT

A

curettage or wide resection

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4
Q

LCH is caused by

A

abnormal proliferation of histiocytes

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5
Q

Classic appearance of LCH in the skull

A

beveled edge appearance

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6
Q

beveled edge appearance

A

LCH in the skull

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7
Q

floating tooth

A

LCH, 2/2 resorption of alveolar bone

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8
Q

Ewing sarcoma cell type

A

small round cell tumor

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9
Q

ewing sarcoma demonstrates male or female dominance?

A

male

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10
Q

Second most common pediatric primary bone tumor

A

ewing sarcoma

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11
Q

radiographic features of ewing sarcoma

A

aggressive lytic lesion in a child with permeative bone destruction, aggressive periosteal reaction, and soft tissue mass

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12
Q

most common primary bone tumor in patients over 40

A

multiple myeloma

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13
Q

what is sclerosing myelomatosis associated with?

A

POEMS syndrome: Polyneuropathy, organomegaly (liver/spleen), endocrine disturbances (amenorrhea/gynecomastia), monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes

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14
Q

Ivory vertebral body

A

lymphoma

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15
Q

most common soft tissue tumo

A

lipoma

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16
Q

circumscribed lucent lesion in the calcaneus with thin rim of peripheral sclerosis

A

intraosseous lipoma

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17
Q

most common sites for intra osseous lipoma

A

calcaneus, subtrochanteric region of the femur, distal tibia/fibula, and metatarsals

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18
Q

features suggesting well differentiated liposarcoma

A

large size (>10cm), thick septations, globular nodular soft tissue, or composition consisting of <75% fat

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19
Q

hollow fluid filled lesion typically found in the proximal diaphysis of the humerus or femur

A

simple bone cyst/unicameral bone cyst

20
Q

location of simple bone cyst

A

central. typically at proximal diaphysis.

21
Q

nonsurgical treatment option for simple bone cyst

A

intra-lesional injection of methylprednisolone –> induces osteogenesis

22
Q

fallen fragment sign

A

simple bone cyst

23
Q

What is typically more expansive, ABC or simple bone cyst?

A

ABC is more expansile. Typically SBC won’t be wider than the physis

24
Q

Histologically what are ABCs made of?

A

blood filled sinusoids and solid fibrous elements

25
Q

osseous mets are ____x more common than primary bone tumors

A

10x more common

26
Q

Lytic mets

A

lung, breast, thyroid, kidney, stomach, colon

27
Q

Blast mets

A

breast, prostate, seminoma, TCC, mucinous tumors, carcinoid

28
Q

what is myositis ossificans?

A

heterotopic bone formation in the skeletal muscle secondary to trauma

29
Q

most common sites for myositis ossificans?

A

elbow, thigh (more prone to trauma)

30
Q

Evolution of myositis ossificans (time line)

A

weeks 1-2: soft tissue mass weeks 3-4: formation of osteoid matrix (may cause periosteal rxn to adjacent bone) weeks 5-8: periphery of lesion matures into compact bone up to 6 months: ossification continues to mature >6 mo: typically decreases in size

31
Q

benign lytic lesion seen in patients with hyperparathyroidism

A

brown tumor in HPT

32
Q
A

subperiosteal abscess.

happens in peds, Periosteum is loose in pediatrics and bone infection decompresses in the subperiosteal space

33
Q
A

brodie abscess

subacute osteomyelitis

T1 bright rim = PENUMBRA sign

34
Q
35
Q
A
36
Q
A

Periosteal chondroma

The radiograph and MR images depict a periosteal chondroma (synonym: juxtacortical chondroma), which is a benign, cartilage tumor arising on the surface of the bone deep to the periosteum. They have a predilection for the metaphysis of long bones. Radiographically, the lesion causes saucerization of the cortex with sclerotic margination and dense periosteal reaction along the proximal and distal ends of the lesion. Lesion matrix mineralization is present in approximately 75% of cases. The lesions are hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted MR images, owing to the chondroid composition. The lesions are rare, accounting for <2% of all chondromas.

37
Q

Ollier disease is associated with what malignant transformation

A

Chondrosarcoma

38
Q

definition of a giant enostosis

A

> 2cm

39
Q

osteopoikilosis inheritance pattern

A

AD

40
Q

Do osteomas originate from the medullary cavity or cortex?

A

osteomas arise from the cortex

associated with Gardner syndrome

41
Q

distribution of melorheostosis

A

usually lower limb in the distribution of a single sclerotome

42
Q

treatment of osteoid osteoma

A

RFA, surgical curettage or resection

43
Q

where do sarcomas metastasize?

A

the lungs

44
Q

does Ollier or Maffucci syndrome have a higher risk of malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma?

A

Maffucci syndrome

45
Q

cartilage cap thickness > ________ on MRI suggests malignant transformation of an osteochondroma

A

>1.5cm

46
Q

unique signal characteristic of chondroblastoma on MRI

A

T2 dark

47
Q

most common adult soft tissue sarcoma

A

MFH

CORE MSK (21 decks)

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