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Endocrinology > Osteoperosis > Flashcards

Osteoperosis Flashcards

1
Q

Which bone type has a faster turnover?

A

trabecular (thinner)

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2
Q

FASCINATING! How often does the ENTIRE skeleton to turn over?

A

10 years!

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3
Q

Why do women lose another 10-20% of bone post menopause?

A

the osteoclasts dig deeper cavities during bone repair

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4
Q

What hormone stimulates the osteoblast to present RANKL?

A

PTH!

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5
Q

What is the key hormone in BLOCKING osteoclast activity? (which explains post menopausal osteoporosis)

A

ESTROGEN! it blocks RANKL

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6
Q

What is the chain of events (3) that causes osteoporosis with aging?

A
  1. Ca 2+ not absorbed as well w age 2. This increases PTH 3. Stimulates osteoclast activity and overshadows osteoblasts
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7
Q

How does the wrist getting bigger w age help?

A

Strenght based on radius. Men better then women here

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8
Q

Why does EtOH increase risk of fracture?

A

EtOH inhibits osteoblast activity

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9
Q

How do glucocorticoids affect bone formation? Ca2+ absorption? Ca loss in urine? Testost and estrogen production?

A

EVERYTHING BAD!! less bone formation, less ca absorption, more ca loss in urine, less T and E production!

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10
Q

How do we prevent/treat osteoperoisis?

A

change environment (don’t fall) Vit D & Ca supplement exercise

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11
Q

What do all of these have in common? Calcium, Estrogen, SERMS (selective estrogen receptor modulators), Denoumab, calcitonin, bisphosphonates, and calcitonin?

A

THEY ALL INHIBIT OSTEOCLAST ACTIVITY!

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12
Q

What two supplements can prevent TOOTH loss!?

A

Calcium and Vitamin D DAWG!

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13
Q

What did giving estrogen to postmenopausal women do to their fracture frequency?

A

FREAKING BIG IMPROVEMENTS, there are RISKS tho!

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14
Q

What drugs act as estrogen receptors in bone, but not breast or uterus and have weaker bone effects then estrogen?

A

SERMs

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15
Q

What are bisphosphonates main action?

A

increase OsteoClast death! LONG ASS HALFLIFE!

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16
Q

What is defined as non healing of exposed alveolar or palatal bone after 6-8 weeks? (w bisphosphonate usage) Why?

A

Jaw Osteonecrosis…Bisphos inhibit the process too much! and the jaw has a HIGH turnover rate

17
Q

Is only the jaw affected with bisphosphonate usage? Are there other ORAL structures affected?

A

MORE! mucosa, bacteria, dentures cause problems, trauma

18
Q

Are there risks to Bisphos?

A

Yes, funky atypical fx

19
Q

What makes Denosumab too effective? 2 items

A

turns off bone turnover almost completely so JAW OSETONECROSIS! ALSO RANKL is involved in immune response, so that gets inhibited

20
Q

Does exercise increase bone density?

A

ONLY if D1 College Athlete!, but it can STABILIZE bone

21
Q

What is our COUNTERINTUITIVE osteoporosis fighter?

A

PTH analogue (hPTH), lets OBs live longer! Actually regrows bone thickness

22
Q

What are our 2 diagnostic tools to prevent fractures?

A

DXA scan and FRAX calculator

Endocrinology (8 decks)

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