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Endocrinology > Male Repro > Flashcards

Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

What are the TWO things needed to differentiate male gonads from female gonads after 6 weeks?

A

The Y chromosome, and the SRY (Sex-determining Region of Y) gene on the Y chromosome

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2
Q

Which cells secrete testosterone?

A

Leydig

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3
Q

Which cells secrete mullein inhibiting substance?

A

Stertoli Cells

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4
Q

What substance is required for the external male genetailia to develop? WHAT IS THE ENZYME required to convert testosterone TO this substance?

A

DHT, DiHydroTestosterone…5-alpha-Reductase

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5
Q

What stimulates Testosterone production BEFORE 12 weeks? What hormone takes over after 12 wks?

A

HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)…LH takes over after 12 wks to stimulate testosterone production

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6
Q

What is the cause of micropenis?

A

Pituitary Failure (does not secrete LH therefore no Test therefore no DHT therefore no external male genetalia)

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7
Q

Why might the OBGYN test for low TSH, GH, and ACTH if a male has a micropenis?

A

Because micropenis is a pituitary failure

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8
Q

What enzyme is used to convert testosterone to estrogen?

A

aromatase

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9
Q

What is the male gonad feedback loop (w/locations)

A

GnRH(hypothalamus), LH & FSH (pituitary), Testosterone (testes)

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10
Q

What cells does LH stimulate to make testosterone again? What hormone stimulates stertoli cells to make androgen binding protein?

A

Leydig=testosterone, FSH stimulates stertoli cells

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11
Q

What is the molecule that gives negative feedback to FSH? Freaking simple name..

A

Inhibin B

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12
Q

THIS IS BIG: Where can you point to the problem if you have a SMELL defect??

A

Hypothalamic Defect!

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13
Q

What is Kallman syndrome?

A

GnRH and Olfactory neurons don’t develop correctly= loss of smell and hypogonadism

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14
Q

What are the levels of GnRH, FSH/LH, and T with a hypothalamic defect (tertiary)?

A

LOW GnRH, LOW FSH/LH, LOW T

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15
Q

What happens to growth plates if there is no T present?

A

They won’t close

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16
Q

How do I treat a tertiary defect?

A

Give shit tons of T, FSH and LH(for fertility) and hope for the best

17
Q

What are levels of FSH/LH and T with Pituitary Defects? Treatment?

A

LOW FSH/LH and LOW T…Give T and FSH/LH(for fertility)

18
Q

What is the term for and extra X chromosome? What happens to the gonads after puberty?

A

Klinefelter Syndrome, gonads involute after puberty

19
Q

What happen to GnRH, FSH/LH, and T with a Testie defect?

A

HIGH GnRH(unmeasurable), HIGH FSH/LH, LOW T

20
Q

Do you get INTERNAL male genetalia w/o testosterone?

A

NO

21
Q

Do you inhibit mullerian inhibiting substance w/o T? What happens?

A

Femal genetalia remain w/o testosterone present

22
Q

What happens w/o DHT?

A

External Female Genetalia

23
Q

Does a Klinfelter Pt appear male or female until puberty?

A

Female

24
Q

Do you make testes with Klinefelter?

A

Yes, but they are defective after puberty

25
Q

What are the four target tissue troubles? (one of these applies to you!)

A

Defective androgen receptor, defective 5-alpha-reductase, gynecomastia, defective aromatase

26
Q

What are the levels of GnRH, FSH/LH, T, Estrogen, DHT with defective androgen receptors?

A

ALL HIGH

27
Q

What are individuals raised as with defective androgen receptors? What type of internal & external genetalia? When do you diagnose and what do you do about it?

A

Females (no male or female INTERNAL genetalia) (female EXTERNAL genetalia) (Diagnosis at puberty, remove the testes at puberty)

28
Q

Who is the poster child for the no androgen receptor issue?

A

Jamie Lee Curtis

29
Q

What causes INTERNAL male genetalia?

A

Testosterone

30
Q

What causes EXTERNAL male genetalia?

A

DHT

31
Q

What is the cause for GYNE-CO-MAS-TIA?

A

a high Estrogen/Testosterone ratio

32
Q

Why did I grow big nipples at puberty?

A

My testes produced a full amount of Estrogen before the full amount of Testosterone

33
Q

What do I have to look out when I age, concerning my GYNE-CO-MAS-TIA?

A

FAT! T gets converted to E in adipose. STAY FIT DAWG!

34
Q

What is the physical effect of no aromatase present to convert T to E?

A

Growth plates don’t close and you grow really tall TEETH TOO!

Endocrinology (8 decks)

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