Osteopathic History

Question 1

Joseph Lister

Answer 1

1827-1912

Father of Antiseptic Surgery - reduced surgical mortality from 45% to 15%

Question 2

Ingaz Semmelweiss

Answer 2

1818-1865

Decreased OB infection mortality by 90% - implementing handwashing after cadaver labs

Question 3

John Snow

Answer 3

1813-1858

Used epidemiology to trace source of cholera outbreak in London in 1854

Question 4

William Budd

Answer 4

1811-1880

Used epidemiology to prove cholera came from contaminated water source in Bristol

Question 5

Wilhelm Rontgen

Answer 5

First to systematically study X-rays (discovered by Fernando Sandford in 1891), used them diagnosistically in 1896

Question 6

Medicine before osteopathy

Answer 6

Heroic medicine to “preserve life force”
stimulants for drowsiness, hypnotics for agitation, laxatives, stool softeners, blood letting
to “conquer disease”

Question 7

Andrew Taylor Still

Answer 7

Born August 6, 1828, Lee County Viginia

Father Abram was a Methodist Circuit Rider and Physician

Question 8

A.T. Still Main life events

Answer 8

1839 - rope swing to cure headache
1855 - studied NA anatomy after cholera epidemic
1859 - wife died in childbirth
1861-1864 - fought in Civil War
1864 - 3 of his kids die (spinal meningitis) and a fourth from pneumonia
Published books in 1897, 1899, 1910
1917 - Dies age 89

Question 9

Flung the banner of osteopathy to the breeze

Answer 9

10AM June 22, 1874

- also removed from the church and performed first OMT that year

Question 10

American School of Osteopathy opens

Answer 10

1892
17 men and 5 women students in first class
22 –> 28 –> 102 –> (18 years later) 700 students and 18 faculty

Question 11

Kansas City College of Osteopathy and Surgery

Answer 11

Established 1916 by A.A. Kaiser, DO and George Conley, DO

- same year AOA lifted ban on teaching pharamacology

Question 12

Abraham Flexner

Answer 12

1910 - traveled to MD and DO schools, criticized teaching. Most schools were closed. 8 DO schools remained after. State licensing boards enforced stricter requirements

Question 13

Influenza Pandemic

Answer 13

1917-1918 - 30 mil died in 6 months, est. 500 mil infected

Feb 1919 journal Osteopathy - w/ osteopathic care 0.25% death rate, w/ Allopathic only = 10% death rate

Question 14

AMA labels DOs cult

Answer 14

1922

• not until 1955 that this was removed
• AMA inspected DO schools and felt education comparable but facilities were inadequate

Question 15

DOs in the military

Answer 15

1917 - wanted fed recognition and to serve in military. T. Roosevelt on board but Surgeon general William C. Gorgas said no
1941 - MDs drafted for military, DOs still not serving. Hospitals not granting DOs privileges, Rapid spike in DO hospitals
1957 - congress legalized DOs to serve, didn’t change much
1963- DOs accepted as equal to MD
1966 - Harry J Walter first commissioned DO to armed forces

Question 16

The California Incident

Answer 16

1961 - CA pub referendum prohibited new licenses to DOs. Could keep license or pay $65 and attend Saturday class to change to MD. 85% practicing DOs traded to MD –> stuck in CA to practice (not recognized outside)

• California medical association merged with California Osteopathic Association
• Proposition 22 abolished osteopathic licensing board
• then AOA chartered new group (OPSC) wanted to retain DO degrees. Start of a long court battle, not resolved until 1974 - Supreme court ruled DO licensing in CA to be resumed
• Catalyst - then all 50 states gave rights to practice

Question 17

University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine

Answer 17

1980 - name changed from KCCOS

Question 18

Rear Admiral Louis H. Eske, DO

Answer 18

1983 - first flag officer in the medical corps of military

Question 19

Lieutenant general Ronald R. Blank, DO

Answer 19

Surgeon General of the Army 1996-2000

Question 20

Jeanette Bolles, DO

Answer 20

First woman to receive DO degree, vice president of AAAO (before transfer to AOA)

Question 21

Osteopathic Women’s National Association

Answer 21

founded 1920s

Question 22

Louisa Burns

Answer 22

1870-1958
spinal meningitis successfully treated with osteopathy, so she was a big believer in OM
- Worked in histology and postulated the connected tissue model of somatic dysfunction
- Louisa Burns award for research

Question 23

Mamie Johnson

Answer 23

1889-1986
First graduate from KCCOS 1917 (KCU), then went back and completed another year (curriculum changed to 4 years) and graduated 1918
- Joined KCU faculty, taught GYN and PEDS

Question 24

Barbara Ross-Lee

Answer 24

First female dean of a medical college (MD or DO) - Ohio University
2001 VP of NY Institute of Technology Health sciences and medical affairs
2002 - Dean of New York COM

Question 25

Marcelino Oliva

Answer 25

1935-2011
Cuban born, graduated from KCU
President of Florida Osteopathic Medical assoc, 1971-1975
First minority AOA president in 1988-1989

Question 26

William G. Anderson

Answer 26

Associate Dean KCOM (Now AT.Still University)
AOA president 1994-1995
AOA board of trustees 20 years