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ECOS 1 > Motion Dynamics > Flashcards

Motion Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Active ROM

A

patient does the moving/patient is active

Passive ROM always > active ROM

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2
Q

Passive ROM

A

Doctor does the moving, patient is passive

passive ROM always > active ROM

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3
Q

physiologic barrier

A

limit of active motion

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4
Q

anatomic barrier

A

limit imposed by anatomic structure, usually reached through passive motion

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5
Q

Elastic range

A

the difference between the physiologic barrier and anatomic barrier

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6
Q

Restrictive barrier

A

functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range

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7
Q

plane

A

flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points on it would wholly lie

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8
Q

Axis

A

straight line aroudn which an object rotates

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9
Q

Coronal/Frontal/Lateral plane

A

bisects the body into front and back halves

ROM: sidebending, abduction/adduction

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10
Q

Sagittal/anteroposterior plane

A

Bisects the body into right and left halves

ROM: flexion and extension

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11
Q

Horizontal/transverse plane

A

divides the body into superior and inferior halves

ROM: rotation

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12
Q

Types of joints

A
  • type of joint dictates the type of motion (structure/function interrelationship)
    3 types of joints
    1. Fibrous (skull articulations)
    2. Cartilaginous (discs between vertebrae)
    3. Synovial - 6 types (extremities)
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13
Q

Types of synovial joints

A
  1. Pivot joint (C1-2)
  2. Ball and socket joint (hip joint)
  3. Condyloid joint (radius and carpal bones)
  4. Plane joint (between tarsal bones, sliding back and forth)
  5. Saddle joint (between trapezium and 1st metacarpal bone)
  6. Hinge joint (elbow)
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14
Q

End Feel of Range of Motion

A
  • elastic (like a rubber band, springy)
  • abrupt (osteoarthritis or hinge joint, like elbow)
  • Hard - somatic dysfunction, you expect more motion but you don’t get more due to a restrictive barrier
  • Empty - stops due to guarding (patient doesn’t allow the motion due to pain)
  • Crisp - involuntary muscle guarding as in pinched nerve
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15
Q

Midline shift ROM

A

Midline will shift away from the restrictive barrier to balance out the loss of motion

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16
Q

Flexibility

A

Range of motion in a joint or group of joints or the ability to move joints effectively through a complete range of motion

17
Q

Dynamic ROM

A
  • ROM an athlete can produce and speed at which he/she can produce it
18
Q

Static ROM

A

maximal ROM a joint can achieve with an externally applied force

19
Q

Flexibility - stiffness

A

reduced ROM of a joint or group of joints

20
Q

Coupled motion (Spine)

A

consistent association of a motion along or about one axis, with another motion about or along a second axis. The principle motion cannot be produced without the associated motion occurring as well.
- serves to protect the spinal cord while providing a basic support axis for the upper body

21
Q

Functional Unit of spine

A

two vertebrae, their associated disc, neurovascular, and other soft tissues

22
Q

Linkage

A

relationship of joint mechanics with surrounding structures
- by linking multiple structures you get increased ROM
Ex) shoulder-spine, spine-hip/pelvis

23
Q

Wrist normal ROM

A

Flexion: 80-90 degrees
extension: 70 degrees
adduction/ulnar deviation: 30-40 degrees
abduction/radial deviation: 20-30 degrees

24
Q

Elbow normal ROM

A

Flexion: 140-150 degrees
Extension: 0 to -5 degrees
Pronation: 90 degrees
Supination: 90 degrees

25
Q

Shoulder normal ROM

A 
Flexion: 180 degrees
Extension: 60 degrees
Abduction: 180 degrees
Horizontal abduction: 40-55 degrees
Adduction: 130-140 degrees
Internal Rotation: 90 degrees
External rotation: 90 degrees
26
Q

Lumbar spine normal ROM

A

Side bending: 15-30 degrees
Flexion: 40-90 degrees
Extension: 20-45 degrees
Rotation: 3-18 degrees

27
Q

Ankle normal ROM

A

Dorsiflexion: 15-20 degrees
Plantarflexion: 50-65 degrees
Inversion: 20 degrees
Eversion: 10-20 degrees

28
Q

Knee normal ROM

A

Flexion: 145-150 degrees
Extension: 0 degrees

29
Q

Hip normal ROM

A 
Flexion (knee extended): 90 degrees
Flexion (knee flexed): 120-135 degrees
Extension: 15-30 degrees
Adduction: 20-30 degrees
Abduction: 45-50 degrees
External rotation: 40-60 degrees
Internal Rotation: 30-40 degrees

ECOS 1 (9 decks)

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