Osteomylitis Flashcards
-Inflammation of bone and its marrow contents
-Trauma, road accidents, gunshot wound, radiation damage, Paget’s disease and osteoporosis.
Osteomylitis
-Develop in inadequately treated acute osteomyelitis, or may arise from a dental infection without preceding acute stage.
-Pain is less severe
CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS
-Diffused spread of infection throughout the medullary spaces, with subsequent necrosis of a variable amount of bone
Debridement, drainage, and antimicrobial therapy
ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS
-Diffuse inflammation which is not circumscribed of confined to one area, tends to spread through tissue spaces and along fascial spaces.
-Result of infection by microorganism which act to breakdown or dissolve hyaluronic acid.
CELLULITIS (PHLEGMON)
-Unusual reaction of the bone to infection
-pathognomonic, well circumscribed radiopaque mass of sclerotic bone surrounding and extending below the apex of one or both roots.
CHRONIC FOCAL SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS
-Proliferative reaction of the bone to a low grade infection.
-Portal of entry for the infection is not through a carious lesion with subsequent pulp infection, as in chronic focal sclerosis osteomyelitis bit rather through diffuse periodontal disease
CHRONIC DIFFUSE SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS
-well-circumscribed radiopaque mass of sclerotic bone surrounding and extending below the apex of the roots.
-Periodontal ligament space is widened
CONDENSING OSTEITIS
CELLULITIS OF FACE AND NECK ARE MOST COMMON DUE TO:
-Dental infection, either sexual of an apical abscess or osteomyelitis
-Pericoronal infection
-Tooth extraction
-Jaw fracture
-Moderately ill with elevated temp.
-Painful swelling of soft tissues involved that are firm and brawny
CLINICAL FEATURE
-Swelling of upper half of the face
-Diffuse spread involves entire facial area
MAXILLA
-Swelling of the lower half of the face
-Spread to cervical tissue- respiratory discomfort
MANDIBLE
-Non specific picture of diffuse acute inflammation
-polymorphonuclear leukocytes causing separation of connective tissue or muscle fibers.
Histologic features
-Treated by the administration of antibiotics including anti anaerobics
-not to massage the affected area with any medication.
TREATMET
-Rapidly developing board-like swelling of the floor of the mouth and consequent elevation of the tongue.
-early recognition of incipient cases, maintenance of airway, intense and prolonged antibiotic therapy, extraction of the affected tooth, and surgical drainage
LUDWIG’S ANGINA
-Bilateral venous channels for the content of middle carnival fossa, particularly the pituitary gland,
-Formation of a thrombus in the cavernous sinus.
CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS (THROMBOPHLEBITIS)
