Osteology (4) Flashcards
the cervical spine consists of how many vertebrae and what is there function?
7 - bridge the distance between the thoracic spine, the ribcage, and occipital condyles at the base of the skull
the cervical spine provides support for what and protects what?
the neck and protects the routes of the vertebral arteries and the spinal cord
which cervical vertebrae are distinctive and where do they articulate?
- C1 (atlas): occipital condyle of the occipital bone - C2(axis): C1 for head movement - C7
hyoid bone
- u shaped that is formed by the fusion of 5 separate components - lies in the anterior part of the neck at C3 level between the mandible and thyroid cartilage - suspended in the neck from the styloid process by stylohyoid ligaments - forms the base of the tongue and larynx - if strangulation occurs – bone that is most frequently broken
larnyx
most superior part of the RT and acts as voice box surrounds and protects the vocal cords and entrance into trachea (preventing fluid /food from entering lungs) cartilage of larynx makes up its skeleton
cartliage of larynx (3)
- thyroid (up) 2. epiglottis (up) 3. cricoid (up)
thyroid cartilage
largest of the laryngeal cartilages located on anterior surface adams apple thyroid membrane connects to the superior aspect of the cartilage to the hyoid bone
epiglottic cartilage
located on posterior surface of larynx elastic cartilage that looks like a leaf when oral contents are swallowed – it closes over the laryngeal inlet located between the hyoid bone and the dorsal aspect of the tongue
cricoid cartilage
encircles larynx 360 attaches trachea on its inferior aspect holds upper and lower RT togetehr
thyroid glad
-Largest endocrine gland -ductless: secretes thyroxine directly into the vascular system -Consists of two lateral lobes connected anteriorly by a midline isthmus -Located inferior to the thyroid cartilage at the junction of the larynx and trachea -Contained within a visceral compartment along with hyoid bone, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and pharynx
parathyroid glad
Four small glands, two on each side on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland Endocrine glands: secrete parathyroid hormone directly into the bloodstream Not visible or palpable on a physical exam
thymus gland
Endocrine gland: ductless Part of the immune system: maturation site of T lymphocytes Grows from birth until puberty After puberty, gland stops growing and slowly starts to shrink (involute) Consists of right and left lobes connected by a midline isthmus Located in the thorax inferior to the thyroid gland and deep to the sternum between the lungs
thyroxine
Hormone that stimulates metabolic rate of the body
parathyroid hormone
▪Regulates calcium and phosphorus levels ▪Can alter function of thyroid gland if there is a disease process present
circoid cartilage
epiglottic cartilage
thyroid cartilage
hyoid bone
