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HEAD + NECK ANATOMY > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

divisions of the brain: cerebrum

A

aka forebrain
cerebral hemispheres: cerebral cortex, white matter, basal ganglia
thalamus and hypothalamus: inter brain/relay station

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2
Q

divisions of the brain: brainstem

A

aka hindbrain
midbrain: cranial nerve nuclei, cerebral peduncle, cerebral aqueduct

pons and cerebellum**: cranial nerve nuclei- pons, motor tracts, fourth ventricle
**cerebellum connected to brain stem via peduncles

medulla oblongata: cranial nerve nuclei, moto tracts, fourth ventricle

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3
Q

________ passes thru the brainstem

A

E V E R Y T H I N G

only way 2 exit or enter

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4
Q

what makes up grey matter?

A

nerve cell bodies
dendrites
axons

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5
Q

what makes up white matter?

A

myelinated axons

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6
Q

the right and left cerebral hemispheres are connected by this C shaped nerve fiber bundle:

A

corpus callosum (C shaped nerve fiber bundle)

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7
Q

______ is the largest collection of white matter tissues in the brain

A

corpus callosum

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8
Q

___ forms majority of the roof of the lateral ventricles

A

corpus callosum

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9
Q

6 brain structures in the limbic system:

A
  1. hippocampus
  2. amygdala
  3. thalamus
  4. hypothalamus
  5. basal ganglia
  6. cingulate gyrus
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10
Q

_____ is involved in the formation of new memories

A

hippocampus

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11
Q

one site in the brain where new neurons are made from adult stem cells is the

A

hippocampus

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12
Q

the hippocampus is located in the _____ lobe

A

temporal

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13
Q

____ is the emotion center of the brain and includes emotions of ________ (4)

A

amygdala

- pleasure, fear, anxiety, and anger

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14
Q

____ strengthens emotional contents of memories

A

amygdala

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15
Q

the amygdala is located in the ______ lobe

A

temporal

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16
Q

the _______ process and adjust movement information from the cortex

A

basal ganglia

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17
Q

_______ are subcortical structures found deep within the brain

A

basal ganglia

18
Q

basal ganglia consists of ______ pairs of nuclei that receive information from the _____ about _________ in order to ________

A
  • 5
  • cortex
  • upcoming movement
  • fine-tune movement
19
Q

damage to basal ganglia result in ______________

hint: parkinsonism

A

difficulty starting, stopping, or sustaining movement (parkinsonism)

20
Q

Components of the basal ganglia: (2)

A

Caudate nucleus
Putamen

aka striatum

21
Q

The striatum (group of contiguous subcortical structures) including

A

Caudate nucleus - cognitive processing

Putamen - motor control

22
Q

_______ is a paired structure located on the lateral aspects of the 3rd ventricle

A

thalamus

23
Q

thalamus is located on the ______ aspects of the ________

A

lateral

3rd ventricle

24
Q

Thalamus is mostly composed of _______

A

gray matter

25
Q

_____ is the relay station of sensory impulses from the body to the cerebral cortex

A

thalamus

26
Q

_____ maintains homeostasis, hormonal regulation, autonomic control, and instinctual drives and has ____

A
  • hypothalamus

- many nuclei

27
Q

hypothalamus works closely with the _______ to modulate endocrine activity

A

pituitary gland

28
Q

the 4 things hypothalamus maintains is:

A

homeostasis
hormonal regulation
autonomic control
instinctual drives

29
Q

Pituitary gland [hypophysis (pea sized)] is attached to the _______ by the _______

A
  • hypothalamus

- pituitary stalk aka infundibulum

30
Q

pituitary gland is located immediately ______ the _______

A

beneath

optic chiasm

31
Q

The informational channel between the brain and spinal cord is called the:

A

brainstem

32
Q

the brainstem contains

A

midbrain
pons
medulla

33
Q

where are most of the cranial nerve nuclei contained?

A

the brainstem

34
Q

the _______ produces many of the brains neurotransmitters

A

brainstem

35
Q

brainstem is the control center for 4 basic bodily functions. those functions are:

A

respiration
cardiac rhythm
urination and bowel movements
sexual functions

36
Q

The midbrain contains the ____ (2)

A
  • cerebral peduncle

- cerebral aqueduct

37
Q

The cerebral peduncle in the midbrain:

A

delivers motor info from cortex to cerebellum and spinal cord

38
Q

The cerebral aqueduct in the midbrain:

A

carries CSF from third to fourth ventricle

39
Q

the ____ contains several cranial nerve nuclei and nuclei that relay signals from the forebrain in the cerebellum

A

Pons

40
Q

Pons contains nuclei that deal with: (4 things)

A

sleep
respiration
swallowing
bladder control

41
Q

The medulla oblongata contains: (3 things)

A

pyramidal tracts (motor commands to spinal cord)
cranial nerve nuclei
fourth ventricle

42
Q

The cerebellum is responsible for: (3 things)

A

posture/balance
coordination of movement
skill formation

HEAD + NECK ANATOMY (8 decks)

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