Cranial Nerves Flashcards
the nervous system is broken into 2 parts:
- CNS
2. PNS
The PNS is broken into 2 parts:
- afferent
2. afferent
the PNS afferent pathway is broken into 2 parts:
- somatic
2. visceral
the PNS efferent pathway is broken into 2 parts:
- somatic
2. visceral
the PNS efferent visceral pathway is broken into 2 parts:
- parasympathetic
2. sympathetic
what are the 5 nerve fibers and what are they responsible for innervating?
- GA- conscious sensation
- VA- unconscious sensation
- SA- special senses
- GE- striated muscle
- VE- smooth muscle
(name and fiber): CN I:
OLFACTORY (SA)
(name and fiber): CN II:
OPTIC (SA)
(name and fiber): CN III:
OCULOMOTOR (GEVE)
(name and fiber): CN IV:
TROCHLEAR (GE)
(name and fiber): CN V:
TRIGEMINAL (GEGA)
(name and fiber): CN VI:
ABDUCENS (GE)
(name and fiber): CN VII:
FACIAL (GEVESA)
(name and fiber): CN VIII:
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR (SA)
(name and fiber): CN IX:
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL (GAVAVE)
(name and fiber): CN X:
VAGUS (GEVE)
(name and fiber): CN XI:
SPINAL ACCESSORY (GE)
(name and fiber): CN XII:
HYPOGLOSSAL (GE)
mnemonic for all 12 CN:
- OSA
- OSA
- OGEVE
- TGE
- TGEGA
- AGE
- FGEVESA
- VSA
- GGAVAVE
- VGEVE
- SGE
- HGE
where does CN I exit the cranial cavity?
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
where does CN II exit the cranial cavity?
optic
where does CN III exit the cranial cavity?
SOF
where do CN III’s nuclei originate?
midbrain at the level of superior colliculi
where does CN IV exit the cranial cavity?
SOF
where do CN IV exit the nuclei originate?
dorsal midbrain at the level of inferior colliculi
where does CN IV nuclei exit?
dorsal midbrain (crosses over completely)
where does CN V exit the cranial cavity?
V1: SOF
V2: foramen rotundem
V3: foramen ovale
CN V has two types of nuclei - what are they and where are they located?
sensory nucleus: spans the length of the brain stem
motor nucleus: pons
CN V nuclei exit where?
the brainstem at the lateral aspect of the pons
where does CN VI exit the cranial cavity?
SOF
CN VI nucleus is located where?
dorsal pons
where does the CN VI nucleus exit?
brainstem at the pontomedullary junction
where does CN VII exit the cranial cavity?
internal acoustic meatus
where does CN VII travel
travels within facial canale of the petrous part of the temporal bone
where are CN VII nuclei located
multiple nuclei located in the caudal pons
where do CN VII nuclei exit?
brainstem at the pontomedullary junction (lateral to CN VI)
where does CN VIII exit the cranial cavity?
internal acoustic meatus
where does CN VIII stay?
within the petrous part of the temporal bone (does NOT leave skull)
where are CN VIII nuclei located?
caudal pons and superior medulla
where do CN VIII nuclei exit?
brainstem at the pontomedullary junction (inferior to CN VII)
where does CN IX exit the cranial cavity?
jugular foramen
where does the CN IX nucleus exit the brainstem?
lateral aspect of the rostral medulla
where does CN X exit the cranial cavity?
jugular foramen (with CN IX)
where does the CN X nucleus exit?
brainstem inferior to CN IX in the upper medulla
where does CN XI exit the cranial cavity?
jugular foramen (CN IX and X)
where does CN XI enter the skull?
foramen magnum
T/F: originates only originates within the skull
F: CN XI originates both within the cranium and outside of the skull in the upper spinal cord (C1-C5)
where does CN XII exit the cranial cavity?
hypoglossal canal and occipital bone
where does the CN XII nucleus exit?
brainstem on the lateral aspect of the medulla
how many nuclei does CN III have?
- oculomotor nucleus (GE)
2. Edinger -Westphal accessory nucleus (VE)
CN III nuclei leave the midbrain and travel laterally to what artery?
posterior communicating artery
T/F: CNIII nuclei travel through the body of the cavernous sinus
F: CNIII nuclei travel through the wall of the cavernous sinus
