Osteoarthritis (Week 12) Flashcards
what is the most common joint disease?
OA
what is one of the leading causes of disability in the US?
OA
before age 50, more (males/females) have more OA
males
after age 70, more (males/females) have OA
females
what factors cause OA
genetic predisposition & joint injury history
what joints will obese people typically experience OA in
hip
knee
how strong is the genetic factor in OA
accounts for 39-70%
seems to require more than one gene
what happens in OA
- erosion and loss of articular cartilage in involved joint
- thickening and hardening (sclerosis) of bone beneath articular cartilage
- formation of osteophytes
what will you see on an x-ray that indicates loss of cartilage
narrowing of joint space
progression of OA
- collagen flakes off surface of articular cartilage
- deeper layers of cartilage form vertical fissures (fibrillation)
- bone beneath deteriorating cartilage becomes dense and hard (sclerotic)
- cartilage covered osteophytes grow outward from joint
fibrillation
vertical fissures in deeper layers of cartilage
symptoms of OA
1st- pain in joint with load bearing pain stiffness limited AROM limited PROM eventually muscle wasting
pseudoparesis
pain inhibition of muscle activity; leads to muscle becoming less able to contract
-leads to muscle wasting
what age to symptoms of OA typically appear
40s and 50s
how can pain onset help differentiate between RA and OA
in OA- pain subsides with rest
in RA-pain does not subside with rest
joints most commonly affected by OA
hands wrists knees feet lower cervical lumbar spine shoulders hips
tx of OA
NSAIDs rest ROM to prevent loss of AROM increase strength and flexibility around joint weight loss use of cane if LE
types of surgical interventions for OA
releases
TKR
THR
last resort
