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Anatomy > Anatomy- Bones and Joints > Flashcards

Anatomy- Bones and Joints Flashcards

0
Q

Two methods of ossification

A

Membranous ossification

Endochondral ossification

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1
Q

Ossification

A

Bone formation

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2
Q

Mesenchyme

A

Generic name for a disorganized web of unspecialized connective tissue

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3
Q

Membranous ossification

A

Mesenchyme cells form the shape of a bone and then gets transformed into bone

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4
Q

Membranous ossification is more common in which type of bone?

A

Flat bones

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5
Q

Process of Endochondral ossification

A

Starts with mesenchymal model–> mesenchyme is replaced by cartilage (usually hyaline)–> bone replaces cartilage

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6
Q

Endochondral ossification is utilized more in which type of bones?

A

Long bones

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7
Q

(Membranous/endochondral) ossification creates very dense bone

A

Membranous

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8
Q

How bones are repaired after fracture in adults

A

Membranous ossification

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9
Q

Normal bone growth is done by (membranous/endochondral) ossification

A

Endochondral

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10
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A
  • Most common type of cartilage

- no fibers visible at microscopic level

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11
Q

Fibrocartilage

A
  • Contains large amounts of collagen fibers

- important structural cartilage (intervertebral discs)

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12
Q

Elastic cartilage

A
  • contains large amounts of elastin
  • capable of being stretched and distorted and will regain its shape
  • found in outer ears, nose
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13
Q

Haversian

A

Remodeling

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14
Q

Periosteum

A

Outside lining of bone

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15
Q

Compact bone (AKA cortical, lamellar)

A

Solid structure associated with the shaft or the ends of bone
-typically remodeled with Haversian systems

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16
Q

Woven bone (AKA non lamellar)

A

Typically young bone that has not yet developed Haversian systems
-Associated with greater amounts of collagen

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17
Q

Trabecular bone (AKA cancellous, spongy)

A

Series of bony beams found at the ends of bones

18
Q

Endosteum

A

Inner lining of bone

19
Q

Medullary caivity

A

Space inside the bone with marrow

20
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of bone

21
Q

Metaphysis

A

Growth plate of bone

22
Q

Epiphysis

A

Ends of bone

23
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Covers ends of bones that participate in a joint (usually hyaline cartilage)

24
Q

Joint classifications based on movement

A

Immovable
Highly movable
Slightly movable

25
Q

Immovable joints

A
  • Favors stability of structure
  • movement only occurs during extreme stress or special physiological situations
  • ex. Epiphysis-diaphysis in developing bone
26
Q

Highly movable joints

A

Favors free movement between the bones

Stability occurs through restrictive ligaments or muscular action

27
Q

Slightly movable joints

A
  • Compromise between movement and stability
  • movement generally occurs only over a small and specialized range
  • ex. Intervertebral discs
28
Q

Arthroses

A

Joints

29
Q

Synarthroses

A

Solid joints

30
Q

Osseus joints

A

Bone-bone joints

31
Q

Types of osseus joints

A

Synostosis

32
Q

Synostosis

A

Bones fusing/fused together

33
Q

Fibrous joints

A

Suture
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis

34
Q

Syndesmosis

A

2 bones linked together only by ligaments

35
Q

Suture

A

Bones joined by fibrous connective tissue

-sutures of skull

36
Q

Gomphosis

A

Teeth-to-mandible joint

37
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

Synchonrosis

Symphysis

38
Q

Synconrosis

A

Metaphysis

39
Q

Symphysis

A

Pubic symphysis

Intervertebral disk

40
Q

Diarthroses

A

2 bones joined together its a joint cavity

41
Q

Types of Synovial joints

A 
Planar
Ginglymous (hinge)
Trochoid (pivot)
Condyloid
Ellipsoid
Sellar (saddle)
Spheroidal (ball and socket)
42
Q

Features always present in synovial joints

A

Capsular ligaments
Articular cavity
Articular (hyaline) cartilage
Synovium (synovial fluid)

43
Q

Features sometimes present in synovial joints

A 
Intrinsic ligaments
Tendons
Fat pads
Fibrocartilaginous disks
Bursa

Anatomy (30 decks)

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