Osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the pathophysiology of OA
A
- Trauma and mechanical imbalance
- Inflammation and pain
- Repair processes around the joint
2
Q
What are the biomechanical factors for OA?
A
- Abnormal anatomy (DDH)
- Intra-articular fracture
- Ligament rupture
- Meniscal rupture
- Occupation: farmers and football players
- Persistent heavy physical activity
- Obesity
3
Q
What does the inflammation cause in OA?
A
- Synovial hypertrophy
- Subchondral changes
- Joint effusion
4
Q
What are the features of OA?
A
- 45 yrs +
- Activited related joint pain
- No morning stiffness
5
Q
What is the differential diagnoses for OA?
A
- Gout
- Other inflammatory arthritides
- Septic arthritis
- Malignancy
6
Q
What investigation should be done for OA?
A
XR
7
Q
What are the non-pharmacological management options for OA?
A
- Hollistic approach
- Self management
- Information
- Exercise and weight loss
- Thermotherapy
- Electrotherapy
- Aids and devices
- Manual therapy
- Physio
8
Q
What are the pharmacological treatments for OA?
A
- Oral Analgesia: paracetamol and NSAIDs
- Topical: NSAIDs and capsaicin (knees and hands)
- IA injections: steroids (hyaluronic acid)
9
Q
When should the patient be referred for surgery?
A
- Substantial impact on quality of life
- Refractory to non-surgical treatment
