Osteoarthritis Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
Progressive degenerative condition affecting joints
2
Q
Inflammatory or non-inflammatory
A
Non-inflammatory
3
Q
Epidemiology
M/F, age
A
More common in females
Age of onset: usually 40+
4
Q
Risk factors for developing OA
A
Hobbies
Occupation (heavy lifting)
Obesity
Previous joint injury
5
Q
Commonly affected areas
A
Weight bearing joints Hands: Wrists, DIPs, base of thumb (*NOT MCPs*) Spine Hips Knees Base of big toe
6
Q
Pathogenesis
A
Gradual thinning of cartilage between 2 bones
7
Q
Clinical features
A
Gradual onset Deformity of joints - bony swellings Often asymmetrical Mechanical pain - worse when exercising - pain gets worse as day goes on Morning stiffness less than 30 mins Can get effusions
8
Q
Examination findings
A
Crepitus (crackling, grinding sensation) on movement
DIP joints (Heberdens nodes)
PIP joints (Bouchards nodes)
Bakers cyst - feels like golf ball in the popliteal fossa
9
Q
Investigations
A
Bloods
- Normal inflammatory markers
X-ray
- LOSS
- Loss of joint space
- Osteophyte formation
- Sclerosis (looks white)
- Subchondral cyst
10
Q
Management
A
Analgesia
NSAIDs
Pain modulators - amitryptyline, gabapentin
Physio
Surgery - joint replacement, joint replacement
