Osmosis Flashcards
what is osmosis?
diffusion of H2O occuring across a membrane of some sort
define diffusion
mvmt of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
what is the difference between two points (across a membrane called)
concentration or density gradient
define viscosity
how easily the liquid flows
how does temp affect osmosis/diffusion?
warmer liquids move faster
warmer membranes are more permeable
how does size of molecule affect diffusion?
larger molecules may not fit through the membrane pores
how does water move in osmosis?
from an area of LOW concentration of solute to an area of HIGH concentration of solute
OR
from an area of HIGH concentration of water to an area of LOW concentration of water
what is the difference between solute and solvent
solute is what is dissolved in the solvent
water moves from an area of ______ concentration of water to an area of ______ concentration of water
from high to low
water moves from an area of ______ concentration of solute to an area of _______ concentration of solute
from low to high
solute + solvent
solution
define osmotic pressure
the force required to prevent water from moving across a membrane by osmosis
what type of solution has the same concentration of particles?
isosmotic
what type of solution has a greater concentration of solutes (compared to the solution on the inside of the membrane)?
hyperosmotic
what type of solution has a lesser concentration of solutes (compared to the soln inside the membrane)?
hyposmotic
RBC in a hypotonic solution will
lyse
RBC in a hypertonic solution will
shrivel/dehydrate/CRENATION
tonicity terms refer to H2O mvt with regard to
cells
in an isotonic soln the cell
neither shrinks nor swells
in a hypertonic soln the cell
will shrink because water moves out of the cell
in a hypotonic soln, the cell
will swell (possible lysis) because water moves into the cell
in an osmosis problem, at time zero, what is named?
osmolarity
in an osmosis problem what is named 2nd?
tonicity
with non diffusable solute, the tonicity prefix is the same as the
osmolarity prefix
what is the molarity of cytoplasm
- 3 M of any non salt (like gl or starch)
0. 16 M of NaCl
what is the percent of normal NaCl in cytoplasm?
0.9%
