8.1 classes of joints

Question 1

what are the 3 main classes of joints

Answer 1

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

Question 2

what is the main way of classifying joints

Answer 2

using a structural (anatomical) to classify based on major CT type and if there is a joint capsule

Question 3

what is another way of classifying joints and what are the classifications?

Answer 3

could use functional classification based on degree of movement:
synarthosis (non-movable)
amphiarthroses (slightly moveable)
diathroses (fully moveable)

Question 4

describe a fibrous joint

Answer 4

no joint capsule

little mvmt

Question 5

what type of joints are sutural joint?

Answer 5

seams btwn bones (as in the interdigitated sutures of the skull)

Question 6

what is the composition of a suture?

Answer 6

periosteium continuous with bone plus dense, regular collagenous connective tissue
this makes up the sutural ligament

Question 7

define synostosis

Answer 7

two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone

Question 8

give an example of synostosis

Answer 8

frontal bone has a frontal suture in a neonate, but becomes one bone shortly thereafter

Question 9

what are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

Answer 9

suture
syndesmoses
gomphoses

Question 10

define syndesmosis

Answer 10

a type of fibrous joint in which the bones are further apart than in a suture
limited amount of mvt

Question 11

what joins the bones in a syndesmosis?

Answer 11

ligament

Question 12

what is an example of a syndesmosis?

Answer 12

radioulnar and tibiofibular syndesmosis

Question 13

define gomphoses

Answer 13

a type of fibrous joint in which pegs fit into sockets

little to no movement

Question 14

what holds the pegs in the sockets of a gomphoses

Answer 14

bundles of regular collagenous CT

Question 15

what is an example of gomphoses?

Answer 15

root of tooth with the alveolar socket of madible and maxilla (periodontal ligament)

Question 16

define cartilagenous joints

Answer 16

joints joined by hyaline OR fibrocartilage

Question 17

what are the 2 types of cartilagenous joints?

Answer 17

synchondroses

symphases

Question 18

what is the difference btwn synchondroses and symphases?

Answer 18

synchondrosis, joined by hyaline cartilage

sympahsis joined by fibrocartilage

Question 19

define synchondroses

Answer 19

a type of cartilagenous joint joined by hyaline cartilage with little or no mvmt

Question 20

what is an example of a synchondrosis?

Answer 20

epiphyseal plates

sternocostal joint

Question 21

define symphasis

Answer 21

a type of cartilagenous joint jointed by fibrocartilage

with slight movement

Question 22

give an example of symphasis

Answer 22

sympasis pubis, mental syphasis, intervertebral discs, sternal angle (manubrium to sternum)

Question 23

Define synovial joint?

Answer 23

they have a joint capsule with fluid that gives increased mobility

Question 24

what are the parts of a synovial joint?

Answer 24

articular cartilage (on bone ends)
articular disc (sometimes)
meniscus (fibrocartilage pad)
joint cavity
     fibrous outer capsule
     inner synovial membrane
bursa (fluid filled extension of the synovial membrane, sometimes)

Question 25

draw a synovial joint

Answer 25

do it

Question 26

what does the articular cartilage do in a synovial joint?

Answer 26

provides a smooth surface where the bones meet

Question 27

define articular disc in a synovial joint?

Answer 27

btwn articular cartilages
fibrocartilage pad
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule

Question 28

define meniscus

Answer 28

fibrocartilage pad
found in knee and wrist
like an articular disc, but with hole in center
circumference attached to the fibrous joint capsule

Question 29

define joint cavity of synovial joint

Answer 29

fibrous outer capsule
inner synovial membrane
filled with synovial fluid

Question 30

define bursa

Answer 30

fluid filled pocket or sac extension of the synovial membrane
proved a cushion between structures

Question 31

define tendon sheath

Answer 31

a bursa that extends quite a bit away from the joint along a tendon