Osmoregulation Flashcards

1
Q

osmoregulation

A

Ion & H2O balance

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2
Q

excretory system

A

removes nitrogenous waste products

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3
Q

nitrogenous wastes

A

ammonia, urea, uric acid, and creatinine

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4
Q

metanephridia

A

osmoregulatory/excretory organ: selectively reabsorbs or excretes soluble materials from hemolymph or plasma

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5
Q

kidney

A

Filter Plasma, and eliminate Urea and excess Ions, but
recover H20, and recover Amino acids, Glucose , essential Ions such as
Na+, K+. and Ca++

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6
Q

sodium

A

ion, Na+

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7
Q

potassium

A

ion, K+

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8
Q

calcium

A

ion, Ca++

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9
Q

amino acids

A

make polypeptides to make proteins

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10
Q

nucleotides

A

organic anion to make dna/rna

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11
Q

glucose

A

sugar

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12
Q

isoosmotic

A

inside and outside of organism are the same

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13
Q

osmoconformer

A

an osmoconformer changes concentration of organic molecules to match isoosmotic environment.

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14
Q

Osmoregulator

A

maintain distinct internal and external osmolarity

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15
Q

ammonia

A

product of broken down nucleotides

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16
Q

ureter

A

connects kidney and bladder

17
Q

bladder

A

stores urine

18
Q

urethra

A

allows urine to exit the body

19
Q

renal artery

A

blood supply to the kidney. branches into afferent arterioles.

20
Q

afferent arteriole

A

branch off renal artery.

21
Q

renal vein

A

how deoxygenated blood leaves the kidney

22
Q

renal pelvis

A

where each nephron releases urine into

23
Q

nephron

A

one-cell layer thick. connects to afferent arteriole via bowman’s capsule.

24
Q

bowman’s capsule

25
proximal convoluted tubules
closer to bowman's castle
26
distal convoluted tubule
further from bowman's capsule. leads to collecting duct.
27
collecting duct
empties into renal pelvis region.
28
glomerulus
the portion of the afferent arteriole that is surrounded by bowman's capsule
29
filtrate (made at glomerulus
H2O, ions, glucose, amino acids, urea
30
endothelial cells of glomerulus
filtrate moves through this layer of afferent arteriole, past podoycytes, past cell layer of BC, into lumen of BC
31
podocytes
the little spidery things that create a filtration grid across glomerulus.
32
efferent arteriole
leaving bowman's capsule, merges into a capillary bed in kidney tissue, then into a venule, and then into the renal vein
33
hyperglycemia
glucose in the urine indicates too much glucose not being broken down
34
diabetes miletus
type 1: endocrine pancreas cannot produce insulin type 2: insulin is not effective on target tissues
35
diuretic pill
they move extra fluid and salt out of the body.