Orthotics Lab 2: Knee Orthoses (2/10/17) Flashcards
when considering the characteristics of KOs, it is helpful to classify the orthoses as…
flexible, semi-rigid, rigid
is an elastic knee orthosis flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
flexible
are there any motions which are limited or restricted by an elastic knee orthosis
no movement is limited or restricted with this
what is the function of an elastic knee orthosis
it retains heat in the area, may reduce edema, and provide proprioceptive feedback
what are typical indications for an elastic knee orthosis
patients with arthritis in the knee, edema, knee sprains
is an elastic KO with medial lateral support flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
semi-rigid
are there any motions restricted by the elastic KO with medial lateral support
valgus and varus are somewhat controlled
why is varus and valgus controlled by Elastic KO with Medial Lateral Support
medial and lateral vertical bars
does a true three point pressure system that uses rigid bars and bands exist for an Elastic KO with Medial Lateral Support
no
what is the function of an Elastic KO with Medial Lateral Support
the same as an elastic KO (retains heat, reduce edema, provide proprioceptive feedback)
what are typical indications for an Elastic KO with Medial Lateral Support
patients with knee arthritis, edema, and minor knee sprains
is the Knee Immobilizer flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
semi-rigid
what is the optimum fit of the Knee Immobilizer
it should extend superiorly to the upper third of the thigh and inferiorly to approximately 1-1.5 inch above the malleoli
the anterior cut of the Knee Immobilizer should be positioned…
over the patella
are there any motions restricted by the Knee Immobilizer
some say 3 point pressure system limits knee flexion, extension, varus, and valgus
full restriction of movement is questionable because of semi-rigid design
what is the function of the Knee Immobilizer
may be used to decrease movement at the knee post-surg or post trauma
or to assist with upright postural control when there is weakness at the knee (ex-stroke)
what are typical indications for the Knee Immobilizer
patient with TKR, acute knee trauma, or weakness at the knee
what are advantages of the Knee Immobilizer over the Elastic KO
longer leverage and vertical bars (stays) provide greater support to knee
is the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
semi-rigid
are any motions restricted by the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer
it provides tactile cues/increase kinesthetic awareness which may decrease all motions at the knee (hyperextension, flexion, valgus, varus)
questionable because of the semi-rigid design
if motions are restricted what component parts must be present (Adjustable Knee Immobilizer)
horizontal bands
3 point pressure system for hyperextension for the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer
secondary: combined anterior directed force originating posteriorly from the supra and infra popliteal margins
primary: posterior directed forces originating anteriorly at the superior and inferior margins of the brace
3 point pressure system for valgus for the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer
a laterally directed force originating from the central portion of the medial bar is balanced by medially directed forces originating from the superior and inferior portion of the lateral bar
3 point pressure system for varus for the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer
a medially directed force originating from the central portion of the lateral bar balanced by laterally directed forces originating from the superior and inferior portion of the medial bar
what are normal indications for the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer
it is recommended acutely for post operative or post-traumatic management of the knee
what are advantages of the Adjustable Knee Immobilizer over the Elastic KO/Elastic KO with medial/lateral support
the adjustable knee immobilizer is more restrictive because of increased length and rigid construction (if horizonatal hardware is present)
is the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid?
rigid
describe the optimum fit of the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
the longer the brace, the greater the leverage to maintain ROM at the knee.
this orthosis should extend superiorly to the upper 1/3rd of the thigh and inferiorly to approx. 1-1.5 inches above the malleoli
what motions restricted by the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
flexion, extension, valgus, varus
LOOK AT THE 3 POINT PRESSURE SYSTEM PAGE 7
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what is the function of the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
maintain/increase ROM at the knee
when might the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee be worn
night use to gain ROM
don’t want to restrict LE function during the day
what are the typical indications for the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
knee flexion contractures
is the Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension Control - Swedish Knee Cage flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
rigid
are there any motions controlled at the knee with the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
hyperextension
LOOK AT THE HYPEREXTENSION 3 POINT PRESSURE SYSTEM ON PAGE 8
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what are typical indications for the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
people with mild hyperextension at the knee
stroke, arthritis, hypotonia
disadvantages of the Resting/Positional Splint for the Knee
cosmetics - it is bulky and protrudes when sitting
is the Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension, Medial-Lateral Control-Three Way Knee Stabilizer flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
rigid
what motions are controlled/restricted by the Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension, Medial-Lateral Control-Three Way Knee Stabilizer
hyperextension, valgus, varus
SEE PAGE 9 FOR 3 POINT PRESSURE SYSTEM
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what are typical indications for Medial-Lateral Control-Three Way Knee Stabilizer
for mild hyperextension, valgus, or varus at the knee
why would the Medial-Lateral Control-Three Way Knee Stabilizer be preferred over the Swedish Knee Cage
the Medial-Lateral Control-Three Way Knee Stabilizer is more cosmetically acceptable and additionally controls medial/lateral motion
is the Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension, Medial-Lateral Control-Molded Plast Solid Knee Orthosis flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
rigid
are there any motions restricted by the Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension, Medial-Lateral Control-Molded Plast Solid Knee Orthosis
hyperextension, valgus, and varus
LOOK AT PAGE 10 FOR VARIOUS 3 POINT PRESSURE SYSTEMS
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what are typical indications for Knee Orthosis with Hyperextension, Medial-Lateral Control-Molded Plast Solid Knee Orthosis
for mild hyperextension, valgus, or varus at the knee
is the Knee Orthosis with Anterior-Posterior, Medial-Lateral, and Rotary/Translation Control flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid
rigid
describe the position of Knee Orthosis with Anterior-Posterior, Medial-Lateral, and Rotary/Translation Control for optimal fit
it extends to the middle third of the thigh superiorly and the middle third of the lower leg inferiorly
are there any motions controlled by the Knee Orthosis with Anterior-Posterior, Medial-Lateral, and Rotary/Translation Control
hyperextension, valgus, varus, rotation/translation
page 12, 3 point system
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what type of knee joint is found on Knee Orthosis with Anterior-Posterior, Medial-Lateral, and Rotary/Translation Control
a polycentric knee (as opposed to a single axis knee) joint
what does the polycentric knee joint allow for
flexion and extension around an instantaneous axis of rotation (which more closely resembles knee)
typical indications for Knee Orthosis with Anterior-Posterior, Medial-Lateral, and Rotary/Translation Control
when there is significant ligamentous damage to the knee and the individual still wishes to stay active
also post surgical in the sub-acute/chronic phase
