Orthotics Lab 1: Metal Ankle Foot Orthoses (4/6) Flashcards
are single metal uprights commonly used?
no, almost never
when might single metal uprights be indicated
if the individual is of slight build and there is little to no spasticity
what are the benefits of a double metal upright AFO
provides greater stability and control
when is a double metal upright AFO warranted
when a fair amount of force is necessary to control motion
if the calf band is higher, what happens to leverage
increases
where should the calf band not extend
over the fibular head
why should the calf band not extend over the fibular head
to avoid pressure on the peroneal nerve
why must a steel shank be incorporated into the shoe design
it adds reinforcement to the bottom of the shoe and serves as the anchor for metal uprights
when may a split stirrup be preferred
it allows each side to be detached from the shoe portion
when the split stirrup allows each side to be detached from the shoe portion, what does this allow for
increased ease in donning and doffing and can be interchanged with different shoes
is the split stirrup more or less durable than the solid stirrup
less durable
is the split stirrup lighter or heavier than the solid stirrup
heavier
function of a medial-T strap
used to correct pronation
function of a lateral T-Strap
correct supination
three point pressure system for the medial T-strap (controlling pronation)
primary: originating medially at the medial T-strap projecting laterally
secondary: originating laterally at the lateral portion of the calf band projecting medially
secondary: originating laterally at the lateral portion of the shoe in the area of the 5th methead
three point pressure system for the lateral T-strap (controlling supination)
primary: originating laterally at the lateral T-strap projecting medially
secondary: originating medially at the medial portion of the calf band projecting laterally
secondary: originating medially at the medial portion of the shoe in the area of the 1st met head projecting laterally
are free ankle joints commonly used in an AFO design?
no, very rarely are they
when might free ankle joints be used
when ankle musculature is fine, but knee/hip control is compromised
ankle joints with a posterior stop limit…
plantarflexion
ankle joints with an anterior stop limit…
dorsiflexion
when is a posterior stop commonly used
when the individual drags their foot through swing phase
when is spring loaded DF assist indicated
when DF facilitation is desired at initial swing
when is the spring loaded DF assist contraindicated
when there is spasticity
in metal ankle orthoses, what is the three point pressure system for plantar flexion
primary: originating from the top of the shoe, directed posterior/inferior
secondary: originating from the posterior portion of the calf band projecting anteriorly
secondary: originating from the bottom of the shoe in the area of the met heads projecting superiorly
in metal ankle orthoses, what is the three point pressure system for dorsiflexion
primary: originating at the heel of the shoe projecting anterior/superior
secondary: originating from the anterior portion of the calf band projecting posteriorly
secondary: originating from the top of the shoe in the area of the toe box projecting inferiorly
benefit of molded shoe orthosis compared to conventional metal design
it may provide better correction of foot alignment as modification is internal and closer to the bony structure of the foot
are metal or plastic AFOs easier to accommodate changes in girth
metal
when changes in girth are anticipated, are metal or plastic AFOs generally indicated
metal
