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NMS I COPY (Final) > Orthopedic Tests > Flashcards

Orthopedic Tests Flashcards

1
Q

What is the procedure for Hoffman’s test?

A

Bend middle finger at distal joint, then quickly let go

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2
Q

What is expected for Hoffman’s test?

A

no reax

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3
Q

What is a positive sign for Hoffman’s test?

A

flexion of fingers

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4
Q

What is the significance of a positive Hoffman’s test?

A

lesion to corticospinal tract C5 level or above

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5
Q

What is the procedure for a Tromner test?

A

Patient hand relaxed with fingers hanging down, tap up on the middle finger to quickly extend the digit

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6
Q

What is expected for a Tromner test?

A

no reax

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7
Q

What is a positive sign for a Tromner test?

A

flexion of fingers

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8
Q

What is the significance of a positive Tromner test?

A

lesion to corticospinal tract C5 level or above

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9
Q

What is the procedure for a Kernig test?

A

Patient supine, flex one leg at the knee and hip, then extend leg while hip flexed

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10
Q

What is expected for a Kernig test?

A

no pain

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11
Q

What is a positive for a Kernig test?

A

guarding, compensation, very acute pain

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12
Q

What is the procedure for a Brudzinsi test?

A

Patient supine, passively flex head at neck to sternum (or max range of motion if lesser)

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13
Q

What is expected for a Brudzinsi test?

A

no pain

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14
Q

What is a positive for a Brudzinsi test?

A

Guarding, knee flexion to reduce traction on cord very acute

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15
Q

What is the significance for a positive Kernig or Brudzinsi test?

A

meningitis

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16
Q

What is the procedure for a Soto-Hall test?

A

Patient supine, patient places one hand over the other on sternum, doctor places one hand over patient’s hands, compress the chest, passively flex neck (or max range of motion if lesser)

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17
Q

What is expected for a Soto-Hall test?

A

no pain

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18
Q

What is a positive Soto-Hall test?

A

Guarding, knee flexion to reduce traction on cord, very acute pain

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19
Q

What is the significance of a positive Soto-Hall test?

A

meningitis

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20
Q

What is the procedure for O’Donahue’s test?

A

Active ROM of neck, Passive ROM, Active resisted ROM-Flexion, extension, lateral bend, rotation

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21
Q

What is expected for O’Donahue’s test?

A

no pain

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22
Q

What is a positive O’Donahue test?

A

Pain, radiation (have them point to it and describe)

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23
Q

What is the procedure for a Foraminal Compression test?

A

Patient seated, compress spine when neutral and during rotation

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24
Q

What is expected for a Foraminal Compression test?

A

no pain

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25
Q

What is a positive sign for a Foraminal Compression test?

A

Pain, radiation (have them point to it and describe)

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26
Q

What is the significance of a positive O’Donahue test?

A

IVF encroachment

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27
Q

What is the significance for a positive Foraminal Compression test?

A

IVF encroachment

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28
Q

What is the procedure for Jackson’s test?

A

Patient seated, patient laterally bends neck, doctor compresses spine

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29
Q

What is expected for Jackson’s test?

A

no pain

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30
Q

What is a positive sign for Jackson’s test?

A

Pain, radiation (have them point to it and describe)

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31
Q

What is the significance of a positive Jackson’s test?

A

IVF encroachment

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32
Q

What is the procedure for Maximum Cervical Compression test?

A

Patient seated, patient rotates neck, then extends neck while rotated, doctor compresses spine (not too heavy)

33
Q

What is expected for a Maximum Cervical Compression test?

A

no pain

34
Q

What is a positive for Maximum Cervical Compression test?

A

Pain, radiation (have them point to it and describe)

35
Q

What is the significance for a positive Maximum Cervical Compression test?

A

IVF encroachment

36
Q

What is the procedure for Spurling’s test?

A

Patient seated, place one hand on top of head, strike the back of placed hand with other hand

37
Q

What is expected for Spurling’s test?

A

no pain

38
Q

What is a positive sign for Spurling’s test?

A

pain, radiation (have them point to it and describe)

39
Q

What is the significance of a positive Spurling’s test?

A

IVF encroachment

40
Q

What is the procedure for a Distraction test?

A

Patient supine, hook occiput with one hand, support mandible with other, traction neck

41
Q

What is expected for a Distraction test?

A

no pain

42
Q

What is a positive sign for Distraction test?

A

Reduction of symptoms (impingement relieved by traction)

43
Q

What is the significance for a Distraction test?

A

IVF encroachment

44
Q

What is a reverse positive sign for a Distraction test?

A

increase in pain

45
Q

What does a reverse positive sign for a Distraction test signify?

A

sprain/strain of cervical spine

46
Q

What is the procedure for Rust sign test?

A

X ray patients before any other tests?

47
Q

What is expected w/ Rust sign?

A

healthy people don’t do this

48
Q

What is a positive Rust sign?

A

patient spontaneously grasps neck or head w/ both signs

49
Q

What is the significance of a positive Rust sign?

A

sever atlantoaxial instability

50
Q

What is the procedure for Libman’s test?

A

Apply gradually increasing pressure to mastoid until patient states it’s uncomfortable

51
Q

What is expected for Libman’s test?

A

pain

52
Q

What is a positive sign for Libman’s test?

A

no pain

53
Q

What is the significance of a positive Libman’s test?

A

determines the pain threshold of patient

54
Q

What is the procedure for Lhermitte’s sign?

A

Patient seated, passive flexion of head to sternum

55
Q

What is expected for Lhermitte’s sign?

A

no pain

56
Q

What is a positive sign for Lhermitte’s sign?

A

sharp pain down spine into the upper or lower limbs

57
Q

What is the significance for a positive Lhermitte’s sign?

A

Myelopathy of the cervical spine (from stenosis, tumor, disc herniation)

58
Q

What is the procedure for Bakody’s Sign?

A

Patient places hand on top of head

59
Q

What is expected for Bakody’s sign?

A

no change in pain

60
Q

What is a positive Bakody’s sign?

A

decrease in radiating pain in arm

61
Q

What is the significance of a positive Bakody’s sign?

A

nerve root encroachment

62
Q

What is a positive REVERSE Bakody sign?

A

pain is exacerbated

63
Q

What is the significance of a positive REVERSE Bakody sign?

A

TOS

64
Q

What is the procedure for Bikele sign?

A

Abduct the shoulder 90 degrees then extend elbow

65
Q

What is expected for Bikele’s sign?

A

no pain

66
Q

What is a positive Bikele’s sign?

A

radicular pain

67
Q

What is the significance for a Bikele’s sign?

A

Irritation to brachial plexus

68
Q

What is the procedure for Brachial plexus tension test?

A

Abduct both shoulders 90 degrees, place hands behind head, pull elbows back. Additional stress-flex neck

69
Q

What is expected for brachial plexus tension test?

A

no pain

70
Q

What is a positive Brachial plexus tension test?

A

radicular pain

71
Q

What is the significance of a positive brachial plexus tension test?

A

inflammation to brachial plexus

72
Q

What is the procedure for a Shoulder depression test?

A

Depress patient shoulder, and laterally bend neck away from depressed shoulder

73
Q

What is expected for a Shoulder depression test?

A

no pain

74
Q

What is a positive sign for a Shoulder depression test?

A

pain

75
Q

What is the significance for a positive shoulder depression test?

A

Adhesion of dural sleeve, spinal nerve roots, or adjacent structures of the joint capsule of shoulder

76
Q

What is the procedure for an Upper limb tension test?

A

Patient supine, doctor-depress scapula, abduct shoulder, forearm supination with wrist and finger extension, shoulder external rotation, elbow extension, contralateral then ipsilateral cervical lateral flexion

77
Q

What is expected for an Upper limb tension test?

A

no pain

78
Q

What is a positive sign for an Upper limb tension test?

A

Increase in pain with contralateral bend, decrease in pain with ipsilateral bending.

79
Q

What is the significance of a positive Upper limb tension test?

A

cervical radiculopathy

NMS I COPY (Final) (10 decks)

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