Orthopaedics: Spine and Hand Flashcards
Cubital tunnel syndrome (2):
- Compression of ulnar nerve at elbow
- Numbness and tingling to 4th and 5th digits
Cubital tunnel syndrome exams (2):
- Flexion elbow test
- Tinels at elbow
Cubital tunnel syndrome test:
EMG show reduction of 30% velocity
Carpal tunnel syndrome (2):
- Compression of median nerve at the wrist
- Numbness and tingling to 1st - 3rd digits, night pain
Carpal tunnel syndrome exams (3):
- Positive phalens test
- Positive tinels test
- Positive compression test
Contents of carpal tunnel (4):
- Flexor pollicis longus
- Flexor digitorum superficialis
- Flexor digitorum profundus
- Median nerve
Trigger finger (2):
- Inflammation of flexor tendon gets it snapping through pulleys in hand
- Catching of finger when actively flexing finger
Mallet finger (2):
- Laceration of extensor tendon at base of the DP
- Inability to straighten fingertip
De Quervain tenosynovitis (2):
- Swelling and inflammation of the tendons that run through the 1st dorsal compartment
- Pain of radial styloid
De Quervain tenosynovitis exam:
- Finklesteins test
Dupuytren disease (2)
- Nodular thickening of palmar fascia
- Painless nodules that eventually draw the 4th and 5th digits
Lower back pain testing:
No testing for 6 weeks unless atypical pain, then xray then MRI
Herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP):
Extrusion of center of disc posteriorly compressing nerve roots
HNP exam (2):
- Straight leg raise
- Dermatomal weakness and parasthesias
HNP tests:
Xrays may demonstrate narrowed disk space. MRI is diagnostic
