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Virology > Orthomyxoviridae > Flashcards

Orthomyxoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major antigen determinant of the Flu virus?

A

HA glycoprotein

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2
Q

Which of the following are type specific?

a. PB1
b. HA
c. NA
d. M proteins

A

A. and D.

They are surface proteins that mutate too frequently to be type specific

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3
Q

Which of the following gene is used to differentiate the type (genus) of flu viruses?

a. HA
b. NA
c. NP (nuclear protein)
d. M (matrix protein)

A

C. and D.

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4
Q

Which of the following genes is used to determine the subtype of flu viruses?

a. HA
b. NA
c. NP
d. M

A

A. and B

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5
Q

Which of the following gene is used to screen the highly pathogenic flu viruses?

a. HA
b. NA
c. PB
d. M

A

A. and B.

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6
Q

How many subtypes are there of HA and NA?

A

17 HA

10 NA

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7
Q

What is antigen drift?

A

Small mutation in NA and NA with a few amino acid changes.

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8
Q

What is antigen shift?

A

Large mutations in HA and NA caused by random reassortment of segmented RNA genomes, mixed infection of animals and avian virus, and/or emergence of a dormant virus from an unknown reservoir

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9
Q

Does canine influenza virus (CIV) have the same genome type and morphology as avian influenza virus?

A

Yes, they are in the same family and only difference is the host.

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10
Q

What is the difference between orthomyxoviridae and paramyxoviridae?

A

Paramyxoviridae has a non-segmented genome and a spherical nucleocapsid, while orthomyxoviridae has a segmented genome and a helical nucleocapsid. The biggest difference is paramyxoviridae has a RNA editing mechanism it uses to produce proteins.

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11
Q
  1. Describe what this means: A/Swine/Mexico/5/2009 (H1N1)
A

Type A influenza virus-host not specified-discovered in texas-50 animals where virus was isolated during first outbreak-2012 year of first outbreak

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12
Q

What is the function of HA?

A

Important for entry into cells, it must be cleaved in order for virus to be infective.

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13
Q

What is the function of NA?

A

Important for viral assembly, maturation and release from the host cell

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14
Q

What are the roles of PB1, PB2 and PA?

A

PB1 and PB2 steal the mRNA 5’cap from the host cell. PB1 and PA put the stolen cap on the viral mRNA

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15
Q

What is the function of M2?

A

Differentiate the types of influenza viruses.

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16
Q

Why does the flu virus have more antigen shift than other viruses?

A

RNA virus, so more prone to mistakes and mutations

17
Q

Why does antigen shift cause pandemics?

A

Viral genome undergoes major changes and can infect host/cells that is did not previously infect. Antibodies in host to other flu viruses wont work against new strains.

18
Q

What is the best way to control flu virus infections?

A

Minimize contact between animals.

Vaccination.

19
Q

What are the proinflammatory cytokines involved in HPAI infection?

A

IL1, IL2, IL6, and TNF alpha

Virology (12 decks)

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