Orthography🥝

Question 1

What are the 5 spelling stages (written)

Answer 1

• Pre-phonemic
• Semi-phonetic stage
• Phonetic stage
• Transitional spelling
• Conventional spelling

Question 2

Pre-phonemic stage (written)

Answer 2

• Mainly scribbles
• Beginnings of letter shapes
• Letter imitations

Can link to Barclay’s scribbling stage

Question 3

Semi-phonetic stage (written)

Answer 3

•Graphemes linked to sounds
•Mostly we see children using one grapheme to represent a full word or a set of graphemes for one word
-e.g. ‘msr’ could be monster or mister
•May begin to use left to right directionality
•Letter reversals are common
-transposition spelling
-e.g. ‘dgo’ for ‘dog’

Question 4

Phonetic stage (written)

Answer 4

•Children understand that phonemes can be represented by graphemes
-words become more complete
-e.g. ‘MONSTR’ for ‘monster’
•Vowels may be inserted into the words, though not always standard ones

Question 5

Transitional spelling (written)

Answer 5

•Children are writing words the way they sound still
•They spell high frequency words accurately
•They use punctuation marks (not always accurately)
•They begin to write longer sentences
•Unusual spellings (be positive - shows creativity)
-e.g. ‘cheete’ for ‘cheetah’

Question 6

Conventional spelling (written)

Answer 6

•Most words spelt accurately, though phonetic spelling still occurs with polysyllabic words
•Punctuation marks are more accurate and they begin to use capitalisation in the right places
•Use vowel digraphs
-e.g. really and heart

Suggests a more knowledgeable other; reading; or a whole word approach

Question 7

Transposition spelling

Answer 7

E.g. dgo for dog or aet for ate

Question 8

Whole word approach

Answer 8

Reading without using phonics