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GK PANCE > Ortho Knee > Flashcards

Ortho Knee Flashcards

1
Q

MCL: what kind of stress with rotation?

A

vaLgus

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2
Q

LCL: what kind of stress with rotation?

A

vaRus

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3
Q

Tx for grade I & II MCL & LCL collateral ligament injuries

A

sprains & incomplete tears:

conservative: NSAIDS, PT

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4
Q

Grade III MCL & LCL collateral ligament injuries

A

complete tear: surgical repair

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5
Q

MC knee ligament injury

A

ACL

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6
Q

MOI ACL

A

noncontact pivoting injury (deceleration, hyperextension, internal rotation)

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7
Q

Presentation for ACL

A

pop & swelling –> hemarthrosis

inability to bear wt

does not actively extend knee

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8
Q

What is the most specific and sensitive test for ACL?

A

lachman’s test: 30 degree flexion of affected knee, push thigh downa nd inferior knee up

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9
Q

Segond Fx

A

avulsion of lateral tibial condyle w/ vaRus stress to the knee seen in ACL injury

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10
Q

Tx ACL

A

therapy vs surgical

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11
Q

O’Donoghues triad

A
  1. ACL injury
  2. medial collateral ligament
  3. medial meniscus
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12
Q

MC associated with dashboard injuries

(ant. force to proximal tibia with knees flexed)

A

PCL injuries

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13
Q

presentation for PCL injury

A

anterior bruising

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14
Q

PE for PCL

A

pivot shift test, post drawer test

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15
Q

Cause of meniscal tears

A

degenerative: squatting, twisting, compression or trauma w/femur rotation on tibia

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16
Q

MC meniscal tear

A

Medial

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17
Q

Presentation for Meniscal tear

A

locking, popping, “giving way”, effusion after activities

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18
Q

Best test for meniscal tear

A

McMurray’s sign: pop or click when tibia is externally and internally rotated

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19
Q

Apley test

A

meniscal tear: joint line tenderness

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20
Q

Tx for meniscal tear

A

NSAIDS, partial wt bearing until ortho f/up

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21
Q

MOI patellar fx

A

direct blow

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22
Q

presentation for patellar fx

A

pain swelling deformity

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23
Q

dx for patellar fx

A

X ray: sunrise view

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24
Q

nondisplaced patellar fx tx

A

knee immobilizer, leg cast x 6 weeks

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25
displaced patellar fx
surgery
26
MOI for patellar/quadriceps tendon ruptures
forceful quadriceps contraction --\> fall on a flexed knee walking up/down stairs
27
patellar and quadriceps tendon rupture MC in what population
males w/ hx of systemic disease (DM, gout, obesity, renal dz)
28
Presentation for patellar/quadriceps tendon ruptures
sharp proximal knee pain w/ambulation, inability to extend knee/straight leg raise
29
patella baja
quadriceps: defect above knee
30
patella alta
patellar: defect below knee
31
Tx for patellar/quadriceps tendon
**knee immobilizer**, non or partial wt bearing, **RICE** surgery within 7-10 days
32
patellar D/L MOI
valgus stress after twisting injury (ballet dancer)
33
PE patellar D/L
+ apprehension sign
34
patellar D/L tx
closed reduction
35
Knee D/L complication
severe limb threatening emergency!!!
36
what artery should you be concerned about in a knee D/L?
**popliteal artery rupture** perform arteriography
37
knee D/L Tx
immediate ortho consult
38
MOI femoral condyle Fx
axial loading: fall from height
39
presentation for femoral condyle Fx
**peroneal nerve injury (check 1st webspace) foot drop** **popliteal artery injury**
40
Femoral condyle Fx Tx
immediate ortho consult
41
Tibial plateau Fx
axial loading/rotation/direct trauma MC in children in MVA
42
tibial plateau Fx complication
post degenerative arthritis
43
If tibial plateu Fx is displaced, what should you check for?
peroneal nerve injury (foot drop)
44
osteochondritis of the patellar tendon @ tibial tuberosity from overuse
osgood schlatter disease
45
MCC of chronic knee pain in young, active individuals
osgood schlatter disease
46
MC in 10-15 y/o athletes w/ "growth spurts"
osgood schlatter disease
47
Typical presentation for osgood schlatter disease
activity related knee pain/swelling painful lump below knee, tenderness to anterior tibial tubercle
48
Dx test of choice for osgood schlatter disease
X ray: prominence or heterotrophic ossification @ tibial tuberosity
49
Tx for osgood schlatter disease
RICE, NSAIDS, quadriceps stretching, resolves w/time
50
Typical presentation for Bakers cyst
popliteal mass, knee effusion
51
ruptured popliteal cyst mimcs what
DVT
52
Dx for popliteal cyst
US
53
Bakers cyst Tx
ice, assisted wt bearing, NSAIDS, CS injection
54
idiopathic softening/fissuring of patellar articular cartilage MC in runners
patellofemoral syndrome (chondromalacia)
55
PE for patellofemoral syndrome (chondromalacia)
+ apprehension sign
56
Tx for patellofemoral syndrome (chondromalacia)
NSAIDS, rest, rehab
57
inflammation of IT band bursa
IT band syndrome
58
MCC of knee pain in runners
IT band syndrome
59
Presentation of IT band syndrome
**lateral knee pain** during **onset of running,** then resolves **worse with climbing stairs or running downhill**
60
Ober test
pain/resistance to adduction IT band syndrome
61
+ lateral condyle tenderness
IT band syndrome
62
anterior knee D/L is caused by..
hyoerextension
63
Knee instability in multiple directions
tibiofemoral dislocation (anterior knee dislocation)
64
dimple sign with posterolateral dislocation
anterior knee D/L
65
posterior knee D/L is caused by....
direct blow to anterior tibia with knee flexed
66
heel pain worse after period of rest that gets better with movement throughout the day
plantar fasciitis
67
pain that increases with dorsiflexion of the foot and usually worse after period of rest
plantar fasciitis
68
Dx for plantar fasciitis
X rays may show flat foot deformity or heel spur
69
Tx plantar fasciitis
stretching exercises for plantar fascia and calf muscles avoid flat shoes and barefoot walking NSAIDS
70
absence of plantar flexion w/ squeezing of calf
achilles tendon rupture
71
Tx for achilles tendon
Splint in plantar flexion, keep nonweight bearing, ortho follow up q
72
Galeazzi Test
identifies developmental hip dysplasia due to femoral shortening Knees NOT level = positive test
73

GK PANCE (26 decks)

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