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GK PANCE > Nephro Misc > Flashcards

Nephro Misc Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary fibrosis, a form of restrictive lung disease can cause what metabolic imbalance?

A

Chronic respiratory acidosis

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2
Q

Signs of HYPOcalcemia

A

Chvostek’s Sign (facial nerve spasm)

Trousseau’s sign (inflation of BP cuff = carpal spasms)

Prolonged QT interval

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3
Q

QT interval in HYPERcalcemia

A

Shortened QT interval

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4
Q

Initial Dx test ordered for Nephrolithiasis

A

Noncontrast CT abd/pelvis

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5
Q

which stones are radiopaque (visible on radiographs)

A

calcium & struvite

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6
Q

Kidney Stones < 5mm in diameter Tx

A

Spontaneous passage: IV fluids, analgesic, antiemetics

Tamsulosin

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7
Q

Kidney Stones >7mm in diameter Tx

A
  1. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (breaks large stones)
  2. Uretoscopy + Stent: immediate relief in obstruction or at risk kidney
  3. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy= large stones > 10mm
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8
Q

HUS Triad

A
  1. Hemolytic Anemia
  2. Thrombocytopenia
  3. Renal Insufficiency
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9
Q

Tx for HUS

A

Supportive

FFP (Plasmapheresis)

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10
Q

Dx for HUS

A

Increased BUN/Creatinine

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11
Q

TTP Pentad

A
  1. Thrombocytopenia
  2. Anemia
  3. Kidney failure
  4. Neuro sxs
  5. Fever
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12
Q

Diff b/w TTP & HUS

A

HUS lacks fever & neuro sxs in TTP

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13
Q

Dx for TTP

A

thrombocytopenia w/ normal COAGs

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14
Q

Tx for TTP

A

FFP

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15
Q

Antibodies vs ADAMTS13

A

TTP

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16
Q

Hallmark findings of Nephrotic Syndrome

A
  • Proteinuria
  • Hypoalbuminemia
  • edema
  • hyperlipidemia
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17
Q

Hallmark Findings of Nephritic Syndrome

A
  • Proteinuria
  • HTN
  • azotemia
  • oliguria
  • hematuria
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18
Q

UA in Nephrotic Syndrome

A

Proteinuria > 3.5g/day

Fatty casts, oval fat bodies “maltese cross”

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19
Q

US Nephritic Syndrome

A

Hematuria, RBC Casts

20
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome Bx

A

Hypocellular

21
Q

Bx of Nephritic Syndrome

A

Hypercellular

Crescent shape

22
Q

Minimal Change Disease is part of Which kidney syndrome?

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

23
Q

nephrotic syndrome in children

A

Minimal Change Disease

24
Q

Dx for minimal change disease

A

podocyte damage on electron microscope

loss of negative charge

25
Tx for minimal change disease
**Prednisone**
26
**thickened glomerular basement membrane** **\*Nephrotic Syndrome\***
**membranous nephropathy**
27
What is the Gold Standard Dx for Nephrotic Syndrome
**24 hr urine protein collection**
28
What determines the prognosis in nephrotic syndrome?
steroid responsiveness in minimal change disease
29
Tx for minimal change disease
**steroids** **ACE, ARB for proteinuria** **Diuretics for edema**
30
5 Causes of acute **glomerulonephritis**
1. IgA Nephropathy (Berger's Disease) 2. Post infectious (Post GABHS) 3. Rapidly Progressive GN 4. Goodpasture's Disease 5. Vasculitis
31
MCC of glomerulonephritis in adults
IgA nephropathy
32
young males develop **glomerulonephritis** within days after **URI or GI infection**
IgA nephropathy
33
Dx for I**gA Nephropathy**
**+IgA mesangial deposits on immunostaning**
34
Tx for IgA Nephropathy
**ACE-I + Steroids**
35
Post Infectious Glomerulonephritis
MC after **GABHS** **skin (impetigo)** or **pharyngeal** infection **2-14** y/o boy w/ **facial edema** w/ **coca colored urine**
36
Post Infectious Glomerulonephritis Tx
**Supportive**
37
Dx for Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
**crescent formation on Bx**
38
Tx for RPGN
**steroids + cyclophosphamide**
39
Dx for post infectious Glomerular Nephritis
**Increased Antistreolysin Titers**
40
**Anti-GBM antibodies**
**Goodpastures Dz**
41
Complication of **Goodpasture's Disease**
**Kidney Failure & Hemoptysis**
42
Dx for goodpastures Disease
**Linear IgG deposits**
43
Tx for goodpastures disease
**Steroids + Cyclophosphamide**
44
PKD Tx
ACE, ARBs
45
**muddy brown cellular casts**
**Acute Tubular Necrosis**
46

GK PANCE (26 decks)

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