Ortho Exam Flashcards
Ortho Examination
-gather info
-evaluate pathology, impairment, activity, participation
-combining clinical experience with best evidence
Strength: relies on accuracy and quality of test
Tips: screening 1st, diagnostic at end, minimize pain
Test Selection
-help formulate interpretation and determine diagnosis
Reliability
-produces accurate, precise and reproducable info
Validity
-measures what it;’s supposed to
Significance
probability that something happens
Patient Interaction Model
- Explore disease/diagnosis and it’s effect on life
- Whole person
- Find common ground reguarding intervention or management
- Advocate
- Emhance relationship
- Realistic expectations
Structural Deformities
-don’t change with body position
Functitonal Deformities
-change with body position
Observation Questions
-prefering to sit, stand or move
-changing position often
-ADL assistance
-visible discomfort
-observations match Hx
-eye contact
When to Scan
- No obvious MOI
- Proximal Cause for Distal S/s
- Non-mechanical sounding Sx
LQ Scan
- Vitals***
- Observation: posture, plumb line
- Gait: look for gross abnormalities
- Functional MMts: squats***
- Balance Testing***
- Clear the spine**
- SI Joint Provocation**
- Myotomes: include functional testing (heel and toe walking)
- Dermatomes
- DTR: patellar, med hamstring, achilles
- UMN Testing: Babinski, clonus***
- Neurodynamic Testing: SLR, slump test**
- LE ROM: FABER, flx, DF/PF, toe flx/ext
- Pulses (optional)
- Lymph Nodes (optional)
Observations from Behind
Even: ears, scapula, ribs, arm gaps, iliac crests, PSIS, booty cheeks, knees, how many toes can you see?
-knee valgum/varum
Observations from Side
-spinal curves
-ears even with acromion
-ASIS to PSIS angle
-knee recurvatum
Observations from Front
Even: ears, clavicles, niples, arm gaps, iliac crests, ASIS, greater troch, knees, foot arch
-knee valgum/varum
UQ Scan
- Vitals (HR and BP)
- CNs (optional)***
- Observation: posture, plumb line, head, face, neck, mouth***
- Gait: look for gross abnormalities
- Clear the spine
- UE ROM (apleys)
- Dermatomes (C4-T2)
- Myotomes (C5-T1)
- DTR: bicep, brachioradialis, tricep
- UMN Testing: Hoffman’s ***
- Upper Limb Tension Testing**
- Pulses (carotid, axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar) (optional)
- Thyroid (optional)
- Lymph Nodes (neck, and axilla) (optional)