Ankle/Foot Functional/Special Tests Flashcards
Windlass Effect
-plantar fascia slack until ext of big toe during push off
- Check arch
- Lift big toe and check for arch
Order of Foot/Ankle Exam
Pt Hx
Observation
Scanning Exam
Palpate**
ROM
Flexibility
MMT
Joint Play
Special Tests
Subjective Hx Foot/Ankle Specific
-Activities?
-Flat feet or high arches
-Types of shoes
-Pop?
-Child bracing?
-Surgeries?
-OA?
Foot Posture Index
-2: supination
2+: Pronation
Palpation
-Achilles tendon
-Calcaneus
-Great Toe/phalanges
-Cuneiform
-Navicular
-Malleoli
-Deltoid ligament
-ATFL
-Shin
-Fibulari
Foot/Ankle ROM
DF/PF: 20/50
Sup/Pro: 45-60/15-30 (measure at top of ankle)
Inv/Env: 20/10 (measure calcaneus)
Great toe Ext/Flx: 70/45
Foot/Ankle MMT
-Gastroc/Soleus
-Tib ant/post
-Fibulars
-Hallucis Flex/ext
-Foot Intrinsics
Joint Play: Proximal Tibio-Fibular
-AP glide or PA
-Lacking last ext or flx
Knee Joint:
-Flx: anterior
-Ext: posterior
Ankle Joint:
-DF: ER
-PF: IR
Joint Play: Distal Tibio-fibular
-AP and PA
-For lacking DF
- Pt supine, foot PF
- Stabilize tibia and mobilize fibula
Joint Play: Talocrual PA Glide
-improve PF
- Pt prone, slightly PF
- PT stabilizes Tibia
- Anterior mob through calcaneus
Joint Play: Talocrual AP Glide
-improve DF
- Pt supine, slightly PF
- PT stabilizes tibia
- Posterior mob through anterior talus
Joint Play: Subtalar Medial Glide
-improve eversion
- Pt sidelying
- Push medially
Joint Play: Subtalar Lateral Glide
-improve inversion
- Pt sidelying
- Push laterally
Joint Play: MTP and IP Dorsal Glide
-Distraction
-Extension
- Stabilize distal MT
- Mobilize dorsally
Joint Play: MTP and IP Plantar Glide
-Flexion
- Stabilize distal MT
- Mobilize plantarly
High (Syndesmotic) Ankle Sprain Special Tests
-Fibular translation test
-External Rotation test
Lateral Ankle Special Tests
-Anterior Talus Displacement- Anterior Drawer
-Lateral Ligament Integrity - Medial Talar Tilt
Anterior Ankle Impingement Special Tests
-Forced Dorsiflexion Test
Midtarsal Joint Pronation Special Tests
-Navicular Drop Test
-Feiss Line
Achilles Tendon Integrity Special Tests
-Thompson Test
FIbular Translation Test
-high ankle sprain
- Pt supine
- PT mobs tibia and fibula
(+): ROS and/or increased displacement
External Rotation Test
-high ankle sprain
- Pt supine; knee flexed to 90
- PT ER and DF ankle
(+): ROS or excessive movement
Anterior Drawer (Ankle)
-stress ATFL
-Lateral ankle sprain
- Pt supine in PF
- PT give anterior glide of talus and calcaneus
(+): Excessive translation
Medial Talar Tilt Stress Test
-stress CFL
-lateral ankle sprain
- Pt supine, foo in neutral
- PT stabilizes malleoli med mobilization at calcaneus
(+): excessive laxity
Forced Dorsiflexion Test
-anterior ankle impingement
- Pt supine, knee flexed
- PT stabilizes distal tibia
- Forceful DF
(+): ROS
Ankle Joint Mobs
-open packed positions
Proximal and Distal Tibiofibular Joint
Talocrual Joint
Cuboid (whip/squeeze)
Forefoot Joints Mobs
Cuboid Manip/Mob
- Pt prone
- Foot in PF, INV, ADD
- PT thumb over thumb on plantar surface of cuboid
- Sharp Whip motion or squeeze
AP with Progressive DF
-talocrual mobilization
-go the end range
- Pt in long sitting
- PT Stabilize tibia
- PT Mobilize in AP direction while using high to increase
Mobilization with Movement: DF at TC
- Pt in squat or lunge
- AP mob at talus under tibia
OR
PA mob at distal tibia with belt - During squat or lunge to increase
