Ortho

Question 1

fracture after bone compression

bone cortex does not break

Answer 1

buckle or torus fractures

Question 2

buckle or torus fractures typically occur in

Answer 2

metaphysis

Question 3

buckle or torus fractures heal after

Answer 3

4weeks

Question 4

fracture where both sides of bony cortex are fractured

Answer 4

complete fx

Question 5

fx where bone is angulated beyond limits of plastic deformation

Answer 5

greenstick fx

Question 6

where no fracture line seen on xray but bone is bent beyond limit of plastic deformation
not a true fx

Answer 6

bowing fx

Question 7

type 1 salter harris

Answer 7

transvers fx through physis

growth distrubance unusual

Question 8

type 2 salter harris

Answer 8

fx through portion of physis and metaphysis

Question 9

type 3 salter harris

Answer 9

fx through portion of physis and epiphysis

Question 10

type 4 salter harris

Answer 10

fx through metaphysis, physis, and epiphysis

Question 11

type 5 salter harris

Answer 11

crush injury to physis

Question 12

most common fx salter harris

Answer 12

type 2

Question 13

fx where tend to not remodel well

Answer 13

intra-articular fx
angulated or displaced diaphyseal dx
rotated fx
fx deformity on range of motion

Question 14

two types of developmental dysplasia of hip

Answer 14

teratologic (spina bifida, arthrogryposis)

typical

Question 15

relative shortening of femur
asymmetric skin folds
flexing an infant’s knees when they are lying down so that the feet touch the surface and the ankles touch the buttocks. If the knees are not level then the test is positive, indicating a potential congenital hip malformation

Answer 15

galeazzi sign

or allis sign

Question 16

component of barlow test

Answer 16

1. patient is supine, hip and knee flexed at 90
2. one hand to stabilize pelvis, other hand to ADDUCT (toward) the hip and apply posterior pressure on the anterior aspect of hip
3. positive is “clunk”

Question 17

componenet of ortalani

Answer 17

1. patient supine, knees and hip flexed at 90
2. one hand to stabilize pelvis, other hand to ABDUCT (away) the hip and apply anterior pressure on the posterior aspect of hip
3. positive is “clunk”

Question 18

used to diagnose bilateral developmental dysplasia of hip

Answer 18

klisic test

Question 19

component of klisic test

Answer 19

place one finger at greater trochanter and the ASIS
an imaginary line drawn between the two normal leads to umbilicus
in DDH, greater trochanter is more elevated so line wont hit umbilicus

Question 20

treatment for DDH less than 6mo

Answer 20

pavlik harness

Question 21

idiopathic avascular necrosis of the capital epiphysis of femoral head

Answer 21

legg calve perthes

Question 22

most serious complication following slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 22

chondrolysis

avascular necrosis

Question 23

bakers cyst

Answer 23

popliteal cyst

Question 24

knee pain
lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
area of bone separates due to previous vascular insult

Answer 24

osteochondritis dissecans

Question 25

knee pain at insertion of patellar tendon on tibial tubercle microfracture in ossification center bump below the knee

Answer 25

osgood schlatter disease | apophysitis of the tibial tubercle

Question 26

common in female athletes anterior knee pain that worsens with activity no swelling grinding sensation under knee cap

Answer 26

patellofemoral pain syndrome

Question 27

treatment for clubfoot

Answer 27

ponseti method of serial casting

Question 28

cavus foot associated with

Answer 28

tethered cord | charcot marie tooth disease

Question 29

idiopathic avascular necrosis of tarsal navicular

Answer 29

kohler disease

Question 30

idiopathic avascular necrosis of head of second metatarsal

Answer 30

freiberg disease

Question 31

inflammation of the growth plate in the heel of growing children, typically adolescents presents as heel pain

Answer 31

Sever's Disease | OR calcaneal apophysitis

Question 32

cobb method values

Answer 32

mild 0 - 20 moderate 20 - 40 severe >40

Question 33

congenital fusion of any two of the seven cervical vertebrae

Answer 33

Klippel–Feil syndrome

Question 34

second most common cause of spinal deformity

Answer 34

scheuermann kyphosis

Question 35

narrowing of disk space loss of anterior height -> wedging of 3 consecutive vertebrae irregularities of vertebral endplates schmorl nodes

Answer 35

scheuermann kyphosis

Question 36

schmorl nodes

Answer 36

protrusions of the cartilage of the intervertebral disc through the vertebral body endplate and into the adjacent vertebra

Question 37

red flags for back pain in kids

Answer 37

1. persistent or increasing pain 2. systemic findings 3. neuro defects 4. bowel or bladder dysfxn 5. age <4 yr old 6. night waking 7. pain that restricts activity 8. painful left thoracic spinal curvature

Question 38

defect in pars interarticularis

Answer 38

spondylolysis

Question 39

anterior slippage of superior vertebra on inferior one

Answer 39

spondylolisthesis

Question 40

most common location spondylolysis

Answer 40

L5

Question 41

most common location spondylolisthesis

Answer 41

L5 on S1

Question 42

scotty dog

Answer 42

spondylolysis

Question 43

most common organism in diskitis (spine)

Answer 43

staph aureus

Question 44

shoulder joint compromises

Answer 44

glenohumeral joint acromioclavicular joint sternoclavicular joint scapulothoracic joint

Question 45

congenital elevation of scapula

Answer 45

sprengel deformity

Question 46

little leager's shoulder | physeal plate enlargement

Answer 46

proximal humeral epiphysiolysis

Question 47

little leagers elbow

Answer 47

medial humeral epicondyle apophysitis

Question 48

most common carpal bone fracture in kids

Answer 48

scaphoid fx

Question 49

subacute osteomyelitits

Answer 49

brodie abscess

Question 50

multiple enchondroma

Answer 50

ollier disease

Question 51

punched out lytic lesions in skull, jaw, long bones pathologic fx 5 - 10 yrs old

Answer 51

eosinophilic granuloma