Orri - Community and clinical interventions

Question 1

When describing a community, what do social capital and social cohesion refer to?

Answer 1

Social capital: emotional and instrumental resources that come from the structure of relationships to others
Social cohesion: quality and strength of supportive relationships between members of a group

Question 2

How can childcare ameliorate mental health outcomes of children, especially in socioeconomically deprived environments?

Answer 2

Giving time off from depressed mother

Question 3

What is the difference between community-targeted interventions and community-based interventions?

Answer 3

Community-targeted interventions: community is both the setting and the target of interventions
Community-based interventions: community is the setting but individuals the target of interventions

Question 4

What are the two broad approaches of community-based interventions?

Answer 4

Directly addressing exposure (e.g., reduce poverty)
Addressing modulators of exposure-outcome relationship

Question 5

What is an example of community-based intervention directly addressing exposure?

Answer 5

Money injection to dampen effects of poverty

Question 6

What is the Moving to Opportunity study (MTO)?

Answer 6

Community-based intervention study Large-scale randomized controlled trial
SE-deprived families in the US
Groups:
1) Voucher + moving to less SE-deprived neighbourhood
2) Voucher
3) Control

Question 7

What results did the MTO study found regarding age of moving?

Answer 7

After adolescence moving has more traumatic effects

Question 8

What is the Heckman curve proposing?

Answer 8

Early interventions may yield the greater return on investment.

Question 9

What is an example of community-based intervention addressing relationship between exposure and outcome?

Answer 9

Improving parenting skills (e.g. social worker going in families and educate parents/play with children)

Question 10

What type of intervention is the Reach Up program in Jamaica? What is the target?

Answer 10

Community-based intervention addressing relationship between exposure and outcome

Target are parents and their preschool children in this case ->ameliorate caregivers’ abilities to provide responsive care and activities that help children learn

Question 11

How effective are interventions to reduce maternal depression?

Answer 11

Not very effective