Nagy - Early life adversity at the level of single-cells Flashcards
What are the two main guiding phases of critical periods?
- Molecular cues (axon guidane)
- Electrical signaling (circuit formation)
True or false: the molecular timing of development varies across brain regions.
True.
True or false: cellular and behavioral developmental windows overlap in the early postnatal to childhood age frame.
True.
What does the fact that molecular signalling still occurs in adulthood suggest?
There might be critical periods in adulthood as well
What glial cell type is known to have sex specific effects?
Microglia
What are the two leading hypotheses to explain the sex differences observed in microglia in adulthood?
- Early life hormone exposure or epigenetic programming
OR
- Driven by a set of
microenvironmental signals from the adult brain
What are the concepts of “marking” and “second hit”?
Some stressors in early life would lead to a change in biology/psychic life but would only yield significant behavioural outcomes once the individual is exposed to another stressor later in life
How are “first hits” biologically embedded?
Chromatin modifications
A study found that there is not much overlap between molecular changes of ELS and LLS, what does this suggest?
Second hit is not a simple expansion of ELS
What is WGCNA?
Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Once the co-expression network is constructed, WGCNA identifies modules, also known as gene co-expression modules or gene co-expression clusters. Modules consist of groups of genes that are highly interconnected and show coordinated expression patterns across samples.
True or false: there is overall great concordance in expression changes between males and females from MDD?
True.
How is the relationship between microglia and inhibitory neurons modulated by MDD different between males and females?
Different functions
