Oropharynx and esophagus Flashcards by Katerina Kuscevic

Which of the following is not a clnical sign of an oropharynx/esophagus issue:

a. Dysphagia, fetid breath, Salivation
b. Pharyngeal swellling, fetid breath, Extended neck
c. Fetid breath, Discharge from nose and mouth, flatulence
d. Regional lymphadenopathy, fetid breath, toxemia

c. Fetid breath, Discharge from nose and mouth, flatulence
* Flatulence? no.*

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What is a congenital oropharynx/esophageal defect and who does it affect the most?

Cleft palate (high risk of aspiration pneumonia)

Camelids and high inbreeding herds (Holstein, Angus)

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What is another way os saying oral necrobacillosis?

Calf diptheria

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What is the bacteria responisble for nectroci stomatitis?

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Gram negative anaerobe

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Which of the following is false about necrotic stomatitis?

a. affects young animals
b. can happen because of dirty, overcrowded conditions in feedlots
c. predisposes to layrngeal contact ulcers due to respiratory virus/bact
d. Mouth, pharynx, muzzle, and vulva are affected
e. All are false. Stop toying with me.

d. Mouth, pharynx, muzzle, and vulva are affected

Vuvla? I just got out of therio. super false!

Its mouth, pharynx, muzzle, nares, and lower GIT

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What is used to treat gram positive anaerobes?

PPG given Sq or IM BID

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What is given to tream some gram negative bact?

Ampicillin is allowed in veal

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What drug is not allowed in veal?

Florfenicol!!!

Don’t go to jail!!!

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Which drugs can be used to treat necrotic stomatitis?

A. tulathromycin 25

B. Flunixin meglumine

C. Meloxicam

D. Dexamethasone

E. All of the aboce

E. All of the above

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If you have an emergency what can you perform to help the cow breath?

Tracheostomy!

can be done for valuable animals. remember its permanent.

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What 3 organisms are responsible for Pharynx/larynx abscesses?

Trueperella pyogenes

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Actinobacillosis

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What is the most common phynx/larynx abscess in cattle?

Actinobacillosis (Wooden tongue)

Acute: tongue swollen/hard/painful

Chronic: Shrunken/firm tongue, nodules, ulcers with discharge and pus

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What is another ddx for abscessation?

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

In goats and camelids

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What pathology can you see with Pharynx/larynx abscessation?

Cuteneous pathology

Thick walled, granulomatous abscess in lips/retropharyngeal area

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Which of the following is an appropriate treatment for pharynx/larynx abscess?

a. NaI 1g/12kg bw 10% soln for 5 days the oral KI for 10 days
b. Lance and flush abscess
c. Administer ampiphenicol IV
d. Cull it. Ain’t nobody got time fo dat.

b. Lance and flush abscess

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Pharyngeal Phlegmon is considered an…

Acute severe cellulitis of orla mucosa and pharynx

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Which of the following is not a CS for pharyngeal phlegmon?

a. Bottle jaw, tachycardia, toxemia
b. Anorexia, tachycardia, deH
c. Anorexia, tachycardia, necrotizing myositis
d. Lumpy Jaw, tachycardia, necrotizing myositis

d. Lumpy Jaw, tachycardia, necrotizing myositis

No lumpy jaw!!!

Bottle jaw, anorexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, deH, congested membranes for toxemia, necrotizing myositis (clostridium septicum), snake bite!

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Which of the following is false about Vesicular stomatitis?

a. vescicles in mouth, teats, feet
b. Spread by insects, infected plants, direct transmission, fomites
c. Not reportable since eradication in 1952
d. cyclical ccurence, related to climate and insect population
e. is a rhabdovirus

c. Not reportable since eradication in 1952

Super reportable! Looks like FMD!

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Which of the following is incorrect about lymphosarcoma:

a. sporadi (non-viral)
b. Affinity to Heart, Spine, Eyes, Uterus
c. Enzootic
d. Multicentric/skin//thymus

b. Affinity to Heart, Spine, Uterus

Super False!!!

AFFINITY TO RIGHT ATRIUM, UTERUS, SPINE, ABOMASUM

COMMON QUESTION THAT IS ASKED!!!

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Epizootic Hemorrhagic Dz is caused by?

Oribivirus

Culicoides transmission

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Which of the following is incorrect about epizootic hemorrhagic dz?

a. requires 8-15 days of incubation
b. Causes resp distress/lung hemorrhage
c. Highly virulent
d. may not show CS until years later

a. requires 8-15 days of incubation

Super false!!!

7-10 day incubation

How do you Dz epizootic hemorrhagic Dz?

Virus isolation

AGID

ELISA

Which of the following is incorrect about Blue tongue in sheep?

a. Transmitted by culicoides
b. Vax is the only way to control it
c. Considered an endemic dz
d. Can see nasal discharge, edema of mouth/lips/tongue, and cyanosis

c. Considered an endemic dz

Its an epidemic dz

T/F: Blue tongue in sheep can cause abortions and coronitis/laminitis.

True

Which of the following is incorrect about Blue tongue in Deer? a. Can be asymptomatic b. 7-10 days of incubation c. Culicoides transmission d. Low temp, swelling of face and tongue, cyanosis of tongue

d. Low temp, swelling of face and tongue, cyanosis of tongue ## Footnote **False!** **High temp, swelling of face and tonuge, cyanosis of tongue, coronitis and laminitis**

How do you dx Blue tongue in sheep and deer?

Virus isolation AGID ELISA

Which of the following is incorrect about Bovine Papular stomatitis? a. It is a parapox virus b. Papules found on the muzzle, hard palate, inside of nostrils c. Common in older cattle d. Antigen related to pseudo-cowpox

c. Common in older cattle **Common in younger cattle** *Psuedo-cow pox has horse shoe ulcers on cow teats!*

Contagious ecthyma is also known as?

Orf ## Footnote **Contagious pustular dermatitis**

Contagious ecthyma is common in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_and\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. It produces ________ proliferative lesions around the \_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_,\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

**Sheep** **Goat** **Crusty** **mouth** **muzzle** **nostrils**

How do you Dx Contagious ecthyma?

EM and scabs

Which of the following is not an appropriate treatment for Contagious Ecthyma? a. Add alochol and remove scabs b. nursing care c. debride and clean d. Abx

a. Add alochol and remove scabs ALCOHOL?! no.

What type of vax is best for Contagious ecthyma?

Autogenous ## Footnote *Given when outbreak involves less than 50% of flock*

What type of disease is Bovine Virus D+?

Enteric, causing outbreaks of D+ and erosive lesions in the GI tract

Which of the following dz is not a syndrome for Bovine Viral D+: a. Acute D+ and Fever b. Infertility and abortion c. Immunosuppressive d. weak calves with cerebellar hyperplasia

d. weak calves with cerebellar hyperplasia Should be cerebellar hypoplasia **D+ IS NOT THE MAJOR CS OF BVDV IS ACTUALLY REPRO AND BRD!!!**

Name 3 dental conditions

1. Dental mottling (fluorosis is the most common) 2. Porphyria (reddish brown staining) 3. Dysphagia due to rabies

Actinomyces is also known as

Lumpy Jaw

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Lumpy jaw? a. osteomyelitis of mandible/maxilla b. Fistula with sticky granular pus c. Has a good prognosis with advance cases d. Tx is the same as wooden tongue

c. Has a good prognosis with advance cases ## Footnote **Has a poor prognosis** **Tx: isoniazid, and sx debridement**

What are the DDx for pharyngeal paralysis?

Rabies moldy feed botulism listeriosis brain abscess idiopathic

Which of the following is not a characteristic of pharyngeal obstruction? a. Feeding solid objects is the most common cause b. External mass in the ln and FB pica c. Dosing gun injury d. Flatulence

D. flatulence I ran out of ideas....waiting on Bobsys

How do you Dx pharyngeal obstruction?

endoscopy deep external palpation manure exploration

How do you tx pharyngeal obstruction and what is a possible ddx?

Manual removal. ## Footnote **Rabies.**

Esophageal obstruction is most common due to....

Greedy eaters on pelleted dry feed

What is a common complication with esophageal obstruction?

**Aspiration pneumonia**

Which of the following is not a CS for esophageal obstruction? a. bloat b. anxiety c. thymoma d. D+

d. D+

What species gets thymomas due to esophageal obstruction?

Goats

Where is the most common site for objects/feed to get stuck?

Anterior cervical

What is found at the these locations and in what species? 1. thoracic inlet 2. intra thoracic 3. cardia

Thoracic inlet: **thymic lymphosarcoma, calves** Intra thoracic: **compression from mediastinal LN, sheep** Cardia: **solid objects, cattle**

Who gets megaesophagus?

goats and camelids

Which of the following is not part of the tx plan for an esophageal obstruction? a. Deflate rumen with trochar if severe bloat and give some xylazine to calm if necessary b. Palpate caudal neck region, in jugular groove for hard swelling indicative of obstruction c. If you can, place oral speculum and attempt removal. If unsuccessful try hydraulic flush. d. if unsuccessful can do esophagostomy as a last resort.

b. Palpate caudal neck region, in jugular groove for hard swelling indicative of obstruction I know dick move. But just incase he pulls one like that. **Palpate CRANIAL neck region.**

Some other options for esophageal obstruction:

Rads endoscopy rumenotomy forced tube manipulation (careful with esophageal tear)