Origins of the Cold War : 4/6/15 Flashcards
In _________, ___, in 1944, delegates from __ countries met to discuss the new organization, the ____ ____ (?).
Washington, DC, 39, United Nations (UN)
The __ would have a ______ ____, in which each member nation in the world would have one vote.
UN, General Assembly
The UN would also have a _______ ______ with __ members.
Security Council, 11
Five countries would be permanent members of the Security Council : ______, ______, _____, ____ _____, and the ______ ____. The five permanent members would have ____ power.
Britain, France, China, Soviet Union, and the United States. Veto
The ______ _______ was given the power to vote on resolutions and to choose the non-permanent members of the Security Council.
General Assembly
The ______ ______ is responsible for international peace and security.
Security Council
February 1945, ___, _______, and _____ met at _____– a ______ resort on the ______ ___– to plan the postwar world.
FDR, Churchill, Stalin, Yalta, Soviet, Black Sea
A key issue discussed at Yalta was _____.
Poland
FDR and Churchill agreed to recognize the _____ government set up by the _____.
Polish, Soviets
After reaching a compromise on Poland, the three leaders agreed to the ________ of _______ ______.
Declaration of Liberated Europe
The declaration echoed the _______ _____, asserting “the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live.”
Atlantic Charter
The powers also agreed to divide _______ into four zones. _____ _____, the __, the _____ ____, and ______ would each control a zone.
Germany, Great Britain, US, Soviet Union, France
The same four countries would also divide _____ into four zones, even though it was in the _____ ____.
Berlin, Soviet Union
The _____ would remove i______ m_____, r______ c____, and other equipment from Germany as r______.
Allies, industrial machinery, railroad cars, reparations
_____ marked a turning point in Soviet-American relations.
Yalta
The ____ ___, an era of confrontation and competition between nations, lasted from about ____, to about ____.
Cold War, 1946, 1990
They wanted to keep ______ weak and make sure that the countries between _______ and the _____ _____ were under Soviet control.
Germany, Germany, Soviet Union
Soviet leaders believed that ______ was a superior economic system that would eventually replace ______.
Communism, capitalism
American leaders believed that the ____ _____ became so severe because nations reduced _____.
Great Depression, trade
By 1945, ___ and his advisers were convinced that economic growth through world ______ was the key to _____.
FDR, trade, peace
They passed a resolution that made ______ punishable internationally.
Genocide
The text of the C______ on the P______ and P_________ of the C____ of G_______ became the first UN h____ r____ treaty.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, human rights
______ _______, the first US delegate to the __, chaired the UN C______ on H_____ R_____ in 1948.
Eleanor Roosevelt, UN, Commission on Human Rights
U______ D______ of H______ R____, which promoted the inherent dignity of every human being and was a commitment to end _________.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, discrimination
_____ was strongly anti-communist.
Truman
The meeting between Soviet foreign minister _____ and _____ marked an important shift in Soviet-American relations.
Molotov, Truman
In July 1945, ______ and _____ met at ______ (Conference), near _____.
Truman, Stalin, Potsdam, Berlin
______ suggested the Soviets take _______ from their zones, while the Allies allowed _______ to revive in the other zones.
Truman, reparations, industry
At ______, _____ also learned of the successful US ____ _____ tests.
Potsdam, Truman, atomic bomb
The ______ _______ marked another increase in tensions.
Potsdam Conference
The ______ _____ ensured that pro-Soviet ______ governments would eventually be established in P_____, R______, B____, H____, and C_________.
Soviet Army, Communist, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
The C_______ C______ of E_____ E____ came to be called _______ ______.
Communist Countries of Eastern Europe, satellite nations
______ referred to an “____ ______” falling across ______ ______.
Churchill, iron curtain, Eastern Europe
For the next __ years, “___ ______” described the Communist nations of E______ E____ and the S____ U_____.
43, iron curtain, Eastern Europe, Soviet Union
The ___ ______ separated Eastern Europe from Western Europe.
Iron Curtain
On Feb 22, 1946, diplomat _______ _______ responded to the Soviets with what became known as the _____ ________.
George Kennan, Long Telegram
The ____ _____ was a message, thousands of words long, explaining Kennan’s views on the Soviets.
Long Telegram
_____ proposed what became known as basic American policy throughout the Cold War, _______.
Kennan, containment
On August 1946, ______ demanded join control of the D______ with _____.
Stalin, Dardanelles, Turkey
Presidential advisor ____ ______ saw this move as part of a Soviet plan to control the _____ ____.
Dean Acheson, Middle East
The ______ _____’s purpose was to help countries resist being taken over by Communist forces. It also pledged the __ to fight the spread of communism worldwide.
Truman Doctrine, US
Secretary of State, G______ __. M_____ proposed the E_______ R______ P_____, or M______ P___.
George C. Marshall, European Recovery Program, Marshall Plan
The ______ ___ would give European nations American aid to rebuild their economies.
Marshall Plan
Truman saw both the ______ ___ and the ______ ______ essential for _________.
Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine, containment
They created the F____ R_____ of G______ which became known as ___ _______.
Federal Republic of Germany, West Germany
The Soviet Zone became the G_____ D______ R_____, or ____ _______.
German Democratic Republic, East Germany
In June 1948, Soviet troops blockaded ____ ______ to force the US to reconsider its decision or abandon West Berlin.
West Berlin
The _____ _____ began in June 1948 and continued through the spring of 1949, bringing in more than two million tons of supplies to the city.
Berlin Airlift
The _____ ______ symbolized America’s determination to contain _______ and not give in to Soviet demands.
Berlin Airlift, communism
In April 1949, the _____ _____ _____ ________ (?) was founded as a mutual defense alliance.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
