Origin and insertion of various muscles Flashcards
Rotator cuffs
Supraspinatous, infraspinatous, teres minor: greater tubercle
subscapularis: lesser tubercle
Innervation:
– > supraspinatous + infraspinatous: suprascapular nerve
–> teres minor: axillary nerve
–> subscapularis: upper and lower subscapular nerve, posterior cord brachial plexus
Gluteus medius origin, insertion, action
Origin:
–> gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus
Insertion
–> Lateral aspect of greater trochanter
Action
–> abduction of thigh
–> internal rotation of the thigh
Gluteus minimus
Origin:
–> gluteal surface of ilium under gluteus medius
Insertion:
–> anterior aspect of greater trochanter
label anterior scapula
left scapula and clavicle articulation from above
What is the origin and insertion of the pec major?
Origin
Clavicular head:
–> Medial half anterior clavicle
Sternocostal head
–> Anterior sternum
—> upper 6 costal cartilages
–> external oblique aponeurosis
Insertion
–> Lateral lip of bicipital groove
Pec major action
Whole muscle:
–> adduction and medial rotation of the arm
Clavicular head
–> Flexion of the humerus
Sternocostal head
–> extension of the flexed humerus
–> acts as accessory muscle of respiration by elevating the ribs
What is the innervation of pec major?
-Medial (C8-T1) pectoral nerve
-Lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerve
What is the origin/insertion/innervation/action of trapezius?
Origin:
–> Spinous process C7-T12
–> Occipital protuberance
–> ligamentum nuchae
Insertion
–> Spine/acromion of scapula
–> clavicle
Action
–> rotates scapula
Innervation:
–> spinal accessory nerve (12th cranial nerve)
What is origin/insertion/action/innervation of serratus anterior?
Origin
–> Ribs 1-9
Insertion
–> Scapula (ventral medial)
Action
–> prevents winging
Innervation
–> long thoracic nerve
What structures attach to the coracoid process?
-Ligaments:
–> Coracoclavicular
–> coracohumeral
–> coracoacromial
Muscles
–> pec minor (insertion)
–> Coracobrachialis (origin)
–> short head of biceps (origin)
6,912,3
Describe the articulations at the elbow
-Capitulum of humerus with radial head
-Trochlear of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna
-Olecranon of ulna with olecranon fossa of humerus
Biceps brachii origin/insertion/action/innervation. What are the relations to the biceps tendon?
Origin
–> Coracoid process (short head)
–> supraglenoid tubercle (long head)
Insertion:
–> radial tuberosity
Action
–> flexion, supination
Innervation:
–> musculocutaneous nerve
Relations to biceps tendon:
–> Medial: median nerve and brachial artery
–> lateral: radial nerve
FDS origin, insertion, action, innervation
O:
–> Medial epicondyle, proximal anterior ulnar, anterior radius
I:
–> Base of middle phalanges
Action:
–> Flexion, PIPJ, mcpj, wrist
Innervation:
–> Median nerve
What is the common flexor origin?
-Medial epicondyle
-Where superficial flexors of forearm originate (pronator teres, FCRL, Palmaris longus, FDS, FCU)
What is the origin/insertion/action of FDP?
Origin:
–> anterior and medial ulna
Insertion
–> base of distal phalanx
Action:
–> Flexing DIPJ
Innervation;
-radial half median
-ulnar half ulnar
Name the muscles which attach to the greater trochanter of the femur
Superior: piriformis
Lateral: gluteus medius
Anterior: gluteus minimus
Medial: obturator internus, gemelli superior and inferior
What are the origins and insertions of the iliacus and psoas muscles?
-Psoas major originates along lateral surfaces of vertebral bodies of T12 and L1-L5 and their associated vertebral discs
-Iliacus originates in iliac fossa of pelvis
-Psoas major unites with iliacus at level of inguinal ligament and crosses hip joint to insert on lesser trochanter of femur
What are the surface markings of the sciatic nerve?
-Identify posterior superior iliac spine, greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity
-Draw curved line connecting following 3 points:
–> 2.5cm lateral to midpoint of line from PSIS to ischial tuberosity
–> midpoint between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter
–> junction between upper 2/3rd and lower 1/3rd thigh in midline
-Nerve most commonly divides 5-7cm above posterior knee joint line
Name the three groups of ligaments of the ankle joint
Deltoid ligament
Syndesmosis
Lateral collateral ligamentous complex
Deltoid ligament: deep and superficial part
–> Deep: Anterior tibiotalar ligament
–> Superficial: posterior tibiotalar ligament, tibionavicular ligament, tibiocalcaneal ligament
Lateral collateral ligamentous complex:
–> Anterior and posterior talofibular ligament
–> calcaneofibular ligament
Describe the landmarks where you could palpate pulses in the foot and ankle
-Landmarks for palpation DP are: lateral ehl tendon, medial to extensor digitorum tendon, distal to dorsal prominence of navicular bone
POsterior tibial: Half way between medial malleolus and achilles tendon
Attachments of quadratus femoris
Origin: lateral aspect ischial tuberosity
Insertion: quadrate tuberosity on intertrochanteric crest
