orgo lab solubility

Question 1

water soluble

Answer 1

-4 carbon or less
-contains N, O, or S

Question 2

water insoluble

Answer 2

-5 or 6 carbon
-contains N, O, or S

Question 3

HCL soluble

Answer 3

-if it is it most likely contains an amine
-molecule with a benzene instead of an alkyl group has lowered its basicity bc of delocalization

Question 4

aliphatic amine

Answer 4

rNH2 + HCL -> RNH3^+ + Cl^-

Question 5

HCL insoluble

Answer 5

-diarly and triaryl because they dont protonate easily
-amines with high molecular weights

Question 6

NaHCO3 soluble

Answer 6

-it is a strong base
-will be soluble for weak bases and strong acids
-COOH is soluble too

Question 7

NaOH soluble

Answer 7

-it is a weak base
-soluble for strong bases and strong or weak acids
-phenol and COOH are soluble

Question 8

why are phenol and COOH soluble in NaOH, why is COOH soluble in NaCHO3?

Answer 8

because they form salts in the reaction and the salts are what are soluble

Question 9

phenols and COOH make?

Answer 9

conjugate bases

Question 10

NaHCO3 and NaOH insoluble

Answer 10

-phenols that make a color in a rxn
-salts that form from compounds with high molecular weights
-COOH compounds with a very long carbon chain

Question 11

H2SO4 insoluble

Answer 11

-only inert compounds are insolible

Question 12

inert compounds

Answer 12

-alkanes, alkyl halides, and aromatics WITHOUT functional groups

Question 13

H2SO4 soluble

Answer 13

-ketones, aldehydes, esters, and alcohol
-also considered neutral

Question 14

what does solubility tell you about a compound?

Answer 14

-polarity, functional groups, molecular weight, and if it is an acid, base or neutral

Question 15

strong base

Answer 15

amine

Question 16

weak acid

Answer 16

phenol

Question 17

strong acid

Answer 17

COOH

Question 18

what is being used to test solubility in this lab?

Answer 18

Water, 5% NaOH, 5% bicarbonate, 5% HCl, sulfuric acid

Question 19

longer carbon chain

Answer 19

decreases the effect of any polar groups and therefore makes a compound less soluble

Question 20

straight chain

Answer 20

higher imf, higher boiling point, higher melting poin= less soluble because the imf are harder to break

Question 21

increase the ratio of polar group (N,O.S)

Answer 21

increase solubility becuase there are more polar groups and like dissolves like
- 15 pentaneol is more soluble