mechanism terms

Question 1

nucleophile

Answer 1

electron rich and donates pair of electrons
-has a lone pair to donate and or a negative charge
-can also be pi bonds

Question 2

common nucleophiles

Answer 2

I, Cl, Br, S, O, N

Question 3

electrophiles

Answer 3

are attacked by nucleophiles
-electron poor
-partial positive from carbocation or resonance

Question 4

nucelophilicity

Answer 4

how quickly the nucleophile attacks the electrophile

Question 5

strong nucleophile

Answer 5

attacks fast

Question 6

basicity

Answer 6

measure of the position of equilibrium for an acid base reaction

Question 7

nucelophilicity vs basicity

Answer 7

-nu= measure of reaction rates/ kinetic
-base= measure of equilibrium concentrations

Question 8

strong nucleophile

Answer 8

weak base

Question 9

Iodine

Answer 9

-weakest base because it is large and polarized
-strong nu because it is large and polarized

Question 10

strong base

Answer 10

weak nu

Question 11

H- ion

Answer 11

-can come from NaH
-very strong base and weak nu because it is not large and polarizable

Question 12

water

Answer 12

weak base weak nu

Question 13

hydroxide

Answer 13

strong base strong nu
-has negative charge

Question 14

pi bond

Answer 14

can function as nucleophile and attack electrophile or it can function as a base and remove protons from acid

Question 15

good leaving groups

Answer 15

weak bases

Question 16

leaving groups order best to worse

Answer 16

I>Br>Cl>F
-F is a strong base and never leaves and smallest

Question 17

carbocation rearragement

Answer 17

changeing the location of the electron deficient center of the carbocation

Question 18

stereochemical outcome

Answer 18

-inversions, racemic mixtures, minor product, major product etc

Question 19

regiochemistry

Answer 19

-important when reaction gives products that are constitutional isomers and NOT stereoisomers
-WHERE THE REACTION IS TAKING PLACE ON THE MOLECULE