chapter 1 part 2

Question 1

energy state

Answer 1

a sublevel where an electron or two can reside

Question 2

solution to a wave functions

Answer 2

positive, negative or ze3ro

Question 3

constructive interference

Answer 3

wave functions with the same phase sign interact= reinforcing affect; amplitude increases

Question 4

destructive interference

Answer 4

wave functions with opposite phases interact and there is a subtractive effect; the amplitude of the wave function goes into zero or the sign chances

Question 5

orbital

Answer 5

region of space with a high probability of finding an electron

Question 6

energy of the 1st and 2nd principal shells

Answer 6

-electrons in 1s orbital have the lowest energy
-electrons in 2p orbitals have equal but higher energy than 2s

Question 7

degenerate orbitals

Answer 7

orbitals of equal energy

Question 8

aufbau principle

Answer 8

orbitals are filled so that the ones of the lowest energy are filled first

Question 9

pauli exclusion principle

Answer 9

maximum of two electrons may be placed in each orbital but only when the spins of the electrons are paired

Question 10

hund rule

Answer 10

degenerate orbitals are given one electron with their spins unpaired until each of them contains one electron then you add second electrons to each degenerate so that the spins are paired

Question 11

atonic orbitals

Answer 11

one or two electrons on an atom are likley to be found

Question 12

molecular orbial

Answer 12

where electrons on a molecule are likley to be found

Question 13

what happens when atomic orbitals combine to form molecular obritals

Answer 13

the number of molecular orbitals that results always equals the number of atomic orbitals that combine

Question 14

bonding molecular orbital

Answer 14

two orbitals of the same phase overlap

Question 15

antibonding molecular orbital

Answer 15

two orbitals of opposite phase interact

Question 16

hybridization

Answer 16

atomic orbitals mixing (not molecular); forms new identical hybrid orbitals

Question 17

ressonance

Answer 17

electrons cant NEVER move from a positive; they go from negative to positive or neutral areas
-never break octet of the second row
-shows where regions of high and low electron density are (with the charges)

Question 18

second row elements

Answer 18

(CNOF) have only 4 valence electrons and therefore only 4 valence orbitals (they can NEVER make 5 bonds)

Question 18

second row elements

Answer 18

(CNOF) have only 4 valence electrons and therefore only 4 valence orbitals (they can NEVER make 5 bonds)

Question 19

negative carbon

Answer 19

region of high electron density