Organs of the GI tract DSA

Question 1

at what spinal level . can the esophagus be found piercing the diaphragm

Answer 1

T10

Question 2

at what spinal level does the esophagus enter the stomach

Answer 2

T11

Question 3

in the cervical region, the esophagus is constricted by

Answer 3

the upper esophageal sphincter

pharo-esophageal junction enclosed by cricopharyngeus

Question 4

the the thoracic region, the esophagus is constricted by

Answer 4

the bronchus and the aorta that it passes next to

Question 5

at T10, the esophagus is constricted by

Answer 5

the diaphragm

Question 6

hernia with no regurgitation and peritoneum/fundus pushed thorugh diaphragmatic haitus

Answer 6

para-esophageal hernia

Question 7

hernia with regurgitation and esophagus, cardia, and fundus entering the haitus of diaphragm

Answer 7

sliding hernia

Question 8

the left end of the stomach is fixed at spinal level

Answer 8

T10-T11

Question 9

the right end of the stomach is fixed at spinal level

Answer 9

L1

Question 10

as opposed to the first part of the duodenum that is intraperitoneal, parts 2-4 are

Answer 10

retroperitoneal

Question 11

the first part of the duodenum is associated with what ligament

Answer 11

the hepatoduodenal ligament that contains the portal vein, bile duct and hepatic artery

Question 12

the second part of the duodenum is where what two ducts enter: what is the common entry

Answer 12

bile duct and pancreatic duct enter at the duodenal papilla

Question 13

describe the medial, anterior, and posterior structures to the second part of the duodenum

Answer 13

medial - head of the pancreas
anterior - gallbladder, right lobe of liver, transverse colon
posterior - right kidney and ureter

Question 14

which portion of the duodenum do the SMA/V cross anteriorly

Answer 14

3rd part

Question 15

describe the superior and anterior structures to the third part of the duodenum

Answer 15

superior - head of pancreas

anterior - jejunum

Question 16

the fourth part of the duodenum is fixed to the diaphragm by what ligament

Answer 16

suspensory ligament of trietz

Question 17

describe the posterior and anterior structures to the fourth part of the duodenum

Answer 17

posterior - left margin of aorta, inferior mesenteric vein and psoas muscle
anterior - root of mesentery and jejunum

Question 18

is the jejunum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal

Answer 18

intraperitoneal

Question 19

the jejunum has ____ vascular arcades and _____ vasa recta

Answer 19

simple vascular arcades

long vasa recta

Question 20

the ileum has ___ vascular arcades and ____ vasa recta

Answer 20

compound vascular arcades

short vasa recta

Question 21

the jejunum as a ____ diameter, ______ walls, and _____ plicae circularis as compared to the ileum

Answer 21

greater diameter
thicker walls
more plicae circularis

Question 22

a persistent remnant of the vitelline duct on the antimesenteric border of the ileum is known as a

Answer 22

meckel’s diverticulum

Question 23

the SMA, lymph nodes, fat and autonomic nerves of the jejunum and ileum are contained within what peritoneal structure

Answer 23

THE mesentery

Question 24

structures the mesentery crosses

Answer 24

L2-L5 
3rd and 4th parts of duodenum 
abdominal aorta 
IVC
Right ureter 
Right psoas major 
Right gonadal vessels

Question 25

longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the outside of the colon

Answer 25

taenia coli

Question 26

the three bands of taenia coli converge onto what structure

Answer 26

appendix

Question 27

tags of fat characteristic of the large intestine

Answer 27

appendicies apiploicae

Question 28

large gross sections of the colon

Answer 28

haustrae

Question 29

unlike other parts of the large intestines, the cecum contains no amount of what structure

Answer 29

epiploic appendages

Question 30

the ascending colon and descending colon are both

Answer 30

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 31

the transverse colon and sigmoid colon are both

Answer 31

intraperitoneal
Transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon

Question 32

diverticulosis typically occurs in what region of the colon. on what interior surface does it typically occur on

Answer 32

sigmoid colon

between bands of teniae coli, where nutrient arteries perforate the muscle coat to reach submucosa

Question 33

folds that overlie the thickened parts of the circular muscle layer of the rectum

Answer 33

transverse rectal folds

Question 34

dilated terminal part of the rectum

Answer 34

rectal ampulla

Question 35

the spleen is located at what spinal level

Answer 35

T9-T11

never forget

Question 36

what two ligaments support the spleen

Answer 36

gastrosplenic l

splenorenal l

Question 37

describe structures that lie anterior, posterior, inferior and medial the the spleen

Answer 37

anterior - stomach, tail of pancreas
posterior - diaphragm
inferior = left colic flexure
medial - left kidney, phrenicocolic ligament

Question 38

all parts of the pancreas are retroperitoneal except for

Answer 38

the tail

Question 39

spinal level of the pancreas

Answer 39

L1-L2

Question 40

the uncinate process of the pancreas lies posterior to what major a

Answer 40

SMA/V

Question 41

the common entry point into the duodenum of the bile duct and main pancreatic duct

Answer 41

hepatopancreatic ampulla – major duodenal papilla