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GI Midterm > Inguinal Canal > Flashcards

Inguinal Canal Flashcards

1
Q

combined aponeurosis of inferior/medial margins of internal oblique and transversus abdominal m inserting into pubis

A

inguinal falx or conjoint tendon

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2
Q

ligament between pubic rami and inguinal ligament; anchors inguinal ligament to pubis

A

lacular ligament

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3
Q

continuation of fibers from lacunar ligament running along pectin pubis

A

pectineal line

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4
Q

external opening within aponeurosis for spermatic cord or round ligament

A

superficial ring

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5
Q

this spaces lies immediately lateral to lacunar ligaments

A

femoral canal

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6
Q

entrance inguinal canal; beginning of the evagination into transversalis fascia

A

deep inguinal ring

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7
Q

exit from inguinal canal where spermatic cord/round ligament exit

A

superficial ring

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8
Q

the ___ inguinal ring is superior to the inguinal ligament and lateral to inferior epigastric

A

deep inguinal ring

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9
Q

m nerve to abdominal muscles near inguinal ligament

A

iliohypogastric n (L1)

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10
Q

n that transverses inguinal canal, exits superficial ring lateral to cord, motor to abdominal m and sensory to the skin over upper/medial thigh

A

ilioinguinal n (L1)

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11
Q

gonads, even though they initially develop at T10 axial level, are connected to future scrotal swellings by what structure?

A

the gubernaculum

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12
Q

outpocket of peritoneal cavity that accompanies descent of the testes

A

processus vaginalis

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13
Q

the processus vaginalis (an outpocketing of the peritoneal cavity in the developing scrotum) remains as what structure in adults

A

tunica vaginalis

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14
Q

layers of abdominal wall carried as spermatic cord develops

A

transversalis fascia
internal oblique
external oblique

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15
Q

undescended testis are called

A

cryptorchid testis

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16
Q

the external oblique is carried along the descending gonad during development to form the

A

external spermatic fascia

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17
Q

the internal oblique is carried along the descending gonad during development to form the

A

cremasteric m

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18
Q

the transversalis fascia is carried along the descending gonad during development to form the

A

internal spermatic fascia

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19
Q

the descending gonad piercing tissue layers is an example of a _____ hernia

A

physiologic

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20
Q

contents of the spermatic cord

A 
vas deferens 
testicular a
pampiniform plexus (and testicular v) 
gonadal n 
gonadal lymphatics
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21
Q

if varicosities form in the pampiniform plexus, swelling can result in the scrotum referring dull and recurring pain in what condition

A

testicular varicocele

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22
Q

a peritoneal fluid accumulation within the tunica vaginalis can result in this condition

A

hydrocele (communicating/non-communicating)

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23
Q

hydrocele can be detected by what simple technique

A

transillumination

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24
Q

in females, even though the ovaries begin descending, the gubernaculum attaches to the developing

A

uterus, preventing its descent

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25
Q

the gubernaculum in females forms what structure

A

round ligament of uterus

and ovarian ligament

26
Q

contents of female inguinal canal

A

round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal n
genitofemoral n (genital branch)

27
Q

the scrotum/labia lymph drains into the

A

superficial inguinal nodes

28
Q

gonads drain their lymph into what nodes

A

upper pelvic ln –> lumbar –> pre-aortic

29
Q

borders of the inguinal (hasselbach’s) triangle

A

inguinal ligament
lateral border of rectus abdominis
lateral umbilical ligament
iliopubic tract

30
Q

thickened trasnversalis fascia running posterior to inguinal ligament that reinforces the floor of inguinal canal

A

iliopubic tract

31
Q

a direct hernia occurs ____ to inferior epigastric; peritoneum ends up:

A

medial to inferior epigastric

peritoneum ends up outside of spermatic cord

32
Q

an indirect hernia occurs when peritoneum enter the ____ ring; therefore the peritoneum is within what

A

enters the deep ring

peritoneum is within spermatic cord

33
Q

femoral hernias occur ____ the inguinal ligament and are more/less common in women
40% occur with what complication

A

below inguinal ligament
more common in women
40% occur with strangulation

34
Q

ventral hernia that occurs through the fascia between the abdominal m but along the semilunar line of the rectus abdominis m

A

spigelian

35
Q

What structure pulls the testis through the anterior abdominal wall

A

Gubernaculum

36
Q

Layers, in order, that the gubernaculum pulls the testes through

A

Tranversalis fascia —> TA — IO —> EO —> Scarpas fascia

37
Q

The peritoneum, posterior to the testis, is pulled down to form the

A

Tunica vaginalis

38
Q

The EO in the scrotum forms what layer

A

External spermatic fascia

39
Q

Scarpas fascia forms what in the scrotum

A

Dartos fascia

40
Q

The cremasteric muscle is formed from what layer

A

Internal oblique

41
Q

The cremasteric m is innervated by

A

The genital branch of the genitofemoral n

42
Q

What abdominal layer is absent in the scrotum?

A

Transversus abdominus

43
Q

Internal spermatic fascia is derived from what abominable layer

A

Transversalis fascia

44
Q

Processus vaginalis

A

A patent opening of the peritoneal cavities between the tunica vaginalis and the peritoneum of the abdomen

45
Q

Fluid in persistent processus vaginalis, detected by trans illumination

A

Hydrocele

46
Q

Content of the spermatic cord (9)

A 
Ductus deferens 
Artery to ductus deferens 
Testicular a 
Pampiniform plexus 
Cremasteric av 
Genital branch of genitofemoral n 
Sympathetic and visceral afferents 
Lymphatics 
Remnants of processus vaginalis
47
Q

Dartos m is innervated by what type of nerve

A

Sympathetic

48
Q

Gonad lymph nodes will metastasize to what LN

A

Aortic nodes/ lumbar nodes/ cable nodes

49
Q

Scrotum ln will metastasize to what LN

A

Superficial inguinal

50
Q

What nerve is responsible for the efferent limb of the cremasteric reflex

A

Genitofemoral n

Innervates cremasteric m

51
Q

What nerve is responsible for the afferent limb of the cremasteric reflex

A

Ilioinguinal n

52
Q

Region where structures enter and exit the abdominal cavity

A

Inguinal region

53
Q

Posterior wall of inguinal canal

A

Transversalis fascia or conjoint tendon

54
Q

Anterior wall of inguinal canal

A

External oblique

55
Q

Roof of inguinal canal

A

Varies
Tranversalis fascia (lateral 1/3)
IO and TA (middle)
Medial crus of EO (medial 1/3)

56
Q

Floor of inguinal canal

A

Lateral - iliopubic tract
Middle - inguinal ligament
Medial - lacunar ligament

57
Q

Conjoint tendon made up of what two muscle aponeurosis

A

Transversus abdominus and internal oblique

58
Q

Inguinal triangle borders

A

Medial border - lateral border of rectus abdominus
Inferior border - inguinal ligament
Lateral border - inferior epigastric v

59
Q

Direct inguinal hernias occur through what area

A

Hassle Bach’s (inguinal) triangle

60
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias occur outside what region

A

Lateral to inferior epigastric a

Outside of inguinal triangle

61
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias will be covered by what layers of fascia

A

All layers

GI Midterm (9 decks)

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