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Gastrointestinal DF > Organs of the GI tract > Flashcards

Organs of the GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

the thoracic esophagus pierces the diaphragm at

A

T10

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2
Q

the esophageal hiatus is ___ __ of the midline

A

slightly left

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3
Q

esophagus turns sharply left to enter the stomach at the cardiac orifice at

A

T11

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4
Q

sliding hiatal hernia

A

esophageal hiatus of diagphragm enlarges or weakens

abdominal esophagus and parts of stomach herniate into thorax

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5
Q

paraesophageal hiatal hernia

A

defect in diaphragm next to esophageal hiatus

permits fundus of stomach to herniate

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6
Q

stomach proximal and distal location

and regions

A

proximal T10-T11
distal: L1-L2

left hypochondriac and epigastric regions

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7
Q

pyloric sphincter/orifice

A

contracts to keep stomach contents in stomach, becomes orifice when ready to send contents into duodenum

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8
Q

posterior to the stomach

A

diaphragm, spleen, left upper kidney, suprarenal gland, transverse colon, pancreas, transverse mesocolon

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9
Q

anterior to stomach

A

left diaphragm, caudate and quadrate and left lobe of liver, left costal margin

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10
Q

anterior surfaces of stomach

A

phrenic, hepatic, epigastric

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11
Q

duodenum location

A

L1 to L4

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12
Q

4 parts of duodenum

A

superior, descending, horizontal, ascending

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13
Q

parts of duodenum that is 2nd perit

A

all but parts of 1st and 4th

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14
Q

duodenum is covered anteriorly by peritoneum except where?

A

where mesocolon of transverse colon crosses the second part. no perit here

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15
Q

1st part of the duod is surrounded by?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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16
Q

the root of the mesentery begins where?

A

at the duodenojejunal flexure

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17
Q

what part of duodenum is held in place and by what ligament

A

first part by hepatodueodenal ligament, portal triad is in here

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18
Q

head of pancreas is located where?

A

inferior to the first part of the duodenum

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19
Q

second part of duodenum anterior

A

right lobe of liver, fundus of gallbladder, transverse colon

20
Q

second part of duodenum (desending) posterior

A

right kidney and ureter

21
Q

medial to second part

A

head of pancreas

22
Q

special ducts here

A

major duodenal papilla and minor

23
Q

horizontal duod (3rd part)

A

superior mesenteric artery and vein and root of mesentery cross anterior surface,
jejunum is anterior and inferior

24
Q

4th part (ascending) duod

A

becomes intraperitoneal

25
Q

suspensory ligament of treitz

A

anchors right crus of diaphragm to duodenum

26
Q

Jejunum vs ilium: jejunum features

A

2/5 SI
simple vascular arcades
long vasa rects and more vascular
greater diameter, thicker, more plicae circularis

27
Q

jejunum vs ilium: ilium features

A

3/5 SI
compound vascular arcades, short vasa recta, less vascular
smaller diameter, thinner wall,
fewer plicae circularis

28
Q

meckel’s diverticulum (outpouching of ileum)

A

2 inches long
2 feet from ileocecal junction
arises before age 2
2 types epithelia: gastric and pancreatic

29
Q

the mesentery crosses?

A

123, AI understands getting pussy sex

L1-2, 3rd part of duodenum, aorta, IVC, right ureter, right gonadal vessels, right psoas major, ends at right SI joint

30
Q

mesentery makeup

A

2 layers of peritoneum with nerves, LNs, vessels, running between them

31
Q

taenia coli

A

3 bands of longitudinal muscle on outside of colon that converge at the root of the appendix

produce haustrae (slow movement of feces))

32
Q

part of large intestine that does not have epiploic appendages?

33
Q

openings in cecum

A

iliocolic (ileal papilla) ileum projection into cecum

opening for appendix inferior to ileal papilla

34
Q

where is vermiform appendix located

A

attached to posteromedial part of cecum

35
Q

anorectal line

A

line joining the tops of the anal columns

36
Q

rectum has ___ folds and are called

also has rectal __ (dilation)

A

3
superior
intermediate
inferior

ampulla

37
Q

puborectalis muscle

A

muscle that relaxes during defication

38
Q

spleen location

A

parallels left ribs 9,10,11 at midaxillary line between stomach and diaphragm

39
Q

inferior to the spleen

A

left kidney

phrenicocolic ligament

40
Q

surfaces of spleen

A

diaphragmatic surface

visceral surace

41
Q

pancreas spinal level

tail location

A 
mainly retroperiteneal (2ndarily)
L1-L2

tail location: some located in splenorenal ligament, anterior to the hilus of the spleen

42
Q 
pancreas relationships 
artery
vein
IVC and aorta
Stomach
duod
transverse colon
A

superior mesenteric artery and vein are posterior to the neck
splenic vein and artery run horizontal supeior to body
tail is against spleen
IVC and aorta are posterior to body
stomach is anterior
duodenum goes around it
transverse colon is anterior and inferior

43
Q

pancreas develops from __ and ___ and roation of __ and __ brings them together

A

ventral bud and dorsal bud

rotation of stomach and duodenum

44
Q

visceral surface of the liver

A 
ligamentum venosum (in caudate lobe) (use to connect umbilical vein with IVC)
rond ligament (inferior to LV)
hepatic fossa for gall bladder
45
Q

porta hepatis

A

transverse fissure between caudate and quadrate lobes

transmits portal triad

46
Q

fundus of the gall bladder location

A

lowest and widest part
contacts anterior ab wall at midclavicular line 9th or 10th costal cartilage
transpyloric line

47
Q

parts of gall bladder

A

fundus, body, neck, cystic duct common hepatic duct (right and left hepatic duct from above join to form this) bile duct —>enters major duodenal papilla

Gastrointestinal DF (14 decks)

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