Organization Of The Brain

Question 1

Three major parts one the brain

Answer 1

Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Question 2

Prosencephalon

Answer 2

Part of the forebrain

Divided into the telencephalon and the diencephalon

Question 3

Mesencephalon

Answer 3

Part of the midbrain
Contain the tectum and tegmentum, inferior colliculus is a relay area that conveys information related to hearing, superior colliculus receives information related to vision
Nucleus in the tegmentum called the substantia nigra is very important for motor control

Question 4

Rombencephalon

Answer 4

Part of the hind brain
Consists of the metencephalon and the myelencephalon,

closets to the spinal cord

Question 5

Myelencephalon

Answer 5

Medulla oblongata
Part of the hindbrain
Adjacent to the spinal cord

Connected to the spinal cord and is important for life sustaining functions, plays a role in sensation and movement

Life support, breathing
Control of digestion
Sensory and motor functions

Question 6

Metencephalon

Answer 6

Part of the hindbrain
Pons and the cerebellum

contains the pons and is important for sensory and motor function, cerebellum important for motor integration and coordination and learning

Sensory and motor function
Connections to the cerebellum

Question 7

Telencephalon

Answer 7

consists of the basal ganglia, and limbic system

Question 8

basal ganglia

Answer 8

consists of the caudate, globus pallidus, and the putamen

motor control and in integrating sensory function with the motor function

Question 9

putamen and caudate

Answer 9

the substantia nigra innervates the caudate and the putamen and the neurons that originate in the substantia nigra and terminate in caudate and putamen as dopamine (DA)
A neurotransmitter which when depleted causes Parkinson’s disease- a movement disorder
L-DOPA is the leading treatment and is converted into dopamine

Question 10

Limbic system

Answer 10

consists of the septum, amygdala, and the hippocampus

Question 11

amygdala

Answer 11

associated with emotion

Question 12

hippocampus

Answer 12

associated with memory, learning, damage of the hippocampus can result in Alzheimer’s disease

Question 13

diencephalon

Answer 13

contains the hypothalamus and the thalamus

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

several nuclei involved in motivation and homeostatic body functions, eating thirst, sex, regulation of body temperature and regulation of endocrine system

Question 15

Thalamus

Answer 15

contains sensory nuclei which are the points of origin for the thalamic projections that map onto the neocortex

Question 16

Neocortex

Answer 16

has many convolutions or folds; Outer fold- gyrus (hill)
Inner fold- sulcus (valley)
holds the primary vision cortex, primary somatosensory area, visual association area, somatosenory association area
consists of the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, insula, and occipital lobe

bilateral-they are present in both the hemispheres of the brain
Wernicke’s area- language comprehension
Broca’s area - organizing muscles used for speaking
Left hemisphere is used for language function

Question 17

frontal lobe

Answer 17

in the neocortex deals with motor function, primary motor cortex and supplementary motor cortex, has the prefrontal cortex involved in emotion and planning

Question 18

parietal lobe

Answer 18

in the neocortex deals withprimary and secondary areas related to somatosensation (touch and related senses)

Question 19

occipital lobe

Answer 19

in the neocortex, visual areas both primary and secondary visual cortex

Question 20

temporal lobe

Answer 20

primary and secondary auditory cortex