organisation in plants (paper 1)

Question 1

4 examples of an organelle

Answer 1

nucleus
chloroplast
mitochondria
ribosomes

Question 2

2 examples of a cell

Answer 2

root hair
sperm cell

Question 3

4 examples of tissue

Answer 3

epidermal
mesophyll
vascular
meristem

Question 4

3 examples of an organ

Answer 4

stem
roots
flower

Question 5

2 examples of an organ system

Answer 5

shoot
root

Question 6

2 examples of an organism

Answer 6

orchid
daisy

Question 7

function of air space in a leaf

Answer 7

• allows oxygen and CO2 to diffuse through the leaf
• site for gas exchange

Question 8

function of guard cell in a leaf

Answer 8

pair of cells that control the opening + closing of stomata

Question 9

function of stoma in a leaf

Answer 9

small opening that allows gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf

Question 10

function of tissue in a leaf

Answer 10

contains large air spaces to allow gases to diffuse efficiently through the leaf

Question 11

function of waxy cuticle in a leaf

Answer 11

protection layer that reduces water loss from the leaf while still allowing light through

Question 12

function of palisade mesophyll tissue layer in a leaf

Answer 12

contains many chloroplasts to absorb light for photosynthesis

Question 13

upper epidermis function

Answer 13

• thin and flat specialised cells that enable light to pass through them easily to reach palisade mesophyll tissue

Question 14

xylem function in leaf

Answer 14

transports water and dissolved ions up the plant

Question 15

why is plant transport essential?

Answer 15

as they are too large for materials to simply diffuse in and out

Question 16

is xylem a living or dead cell?

Answer 16

dead

Question 17

is phloem a living or dead cell?

Answer 17

living

Question 18

what do xylems vessels transport?

Answer 18

water and mineral ions

Question 19

what do phloems vessels transport?

Answer 19

dissolved sugars

Question 20

key process involved with xylem

Answer 20

transpiration

Question 21

key process involved with phloem

Answer 21

translocation

Question 22

define a source

Answer 22

part of the plant where sucrose is put into phloem

Question 23

define a sink

Answer 23

where sucrose is removed from the phloem

Question 24

what is a stomata?

Answer 24

tiny pores found on the underside of a leaf

Question 25

where are stomata’s formed?

Answer 25

between two guard cells

Question 26

what is a stomata’s function

Answer 26

allow gases to pass in and out of leaf

Question 27

list the three substances that can diffuse through a stomata

Answer 27

oxygen (diffuses out)
CO2 (diffuses in)
water vapour (diffuses out)

Question 28

what is transpiration?

Answer 28

loss of water vapour out through the stomata

Question 29

how do plants take up water from the soil?

Answer 29

osmosis

Question 30

what specialised tissue moves water up the plant?

Answer 30

xylem

Question 31

list the 4 conditions where transpiration becomes more rapid

Answer 31

warmer air temperatures
more light
less humid atmosphere outside of leaf
air flow

Question 32

what controls the size of a stomata?

Answer 32

guard cells which surround them

Question 33

how do plants produce their own food?

Answer 33

photosynthesis

Question 34

define translocation

Answer 34

the movement of food through phloem tissue