Organisation

Question 1

What is an organ?

Answer 1

Structure in an organism made from tissues that carry out a particular function

Question 2

What is an organ system?

Answer 2

Group of organs working together to perform a particular function

Question 3

What is the order of increasing complexity which makes up an organism?

Answer 3

Embryo -> Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ system

Question 4

How many types of tissues are in an animal?

Answer 4

Three

Question 5

Name the types of tissues found in an animal?

Answer 5

Muscular

Glandular

Epithelial

Question 6

What is a muscular tissue?

Answer 6

Contracts to bring about movement

> lots of mitochondria

Question 7

What is a glandular tissue?

Answer 7

Releases Hormones + Enzymes

Question 8

What does an epithelial tissue do?

Answer 8

Covers + Protects organs

Question 9

What is an Enzyme?

Answer 9

A protein which increases rate of reaction

Question 10

What is the Active Site?

Answer 10

Section of enzyme that reactant fits into

Question 11

What is the Enzyme Substrate Complex?

Answer 11

Combined structure of Enzyme when a complementary Substrate fits into active site

Question 12

What is a Substrate?

Answer 12

Molecule that Enzyme breaks down / binds ro active site

Question 13

What is the product?

Answer 13

Molecule produced after reaction

Question 14

How do Enzymes work?

Answer 14

1 Substrate (protein) attaches to active site through lock and key theory

2 Substrate shape = Complementary to Enzyme so they bond

3 Bonds within Substrate are BROKEN

4 Enzyme breaks down Substrate into 2 products

Question 15

What is Lock and key theory?

Answer 15

Substrate will bind to active site IF CONPLEMENTARY

Question 16

What is Rate of Reaction?

Answer 16

Speed at which chemical reaction occurs

Question 17

Define digest?

Answer 17

To break down large food molecules into smaller water soluble molecules

Question 18

Why is digesting important?

Answer 18

Enables large molecules to break down into small molecules so molecules can diffuse into blood.

> Products used for respiration + protein synthesis

Question 19

What do digestive Enzymes do?

Answer 19

Break down food

Question 20

Where are digestive Enzymes released?

Answer 20

Glands

Question 21

What system are digestive Enzymes part of?

Answer 21

Digestive system

Question 22

What are the 3 main digestive Enzymes?

Answer 22

Amylase

Protease

Lipase

Question 23

What does amylase breakdown?

Answer 23

Starch

Question 24

Where is amylase produced?

Answer 24

Salivary glands

Small intestine

Pancreas

Question 25

What does amylase break Starch into and what is it used for?

Answer 25

Starch -> Glucose

> Respiration

Question 26

What does protease breakdown?

Answer 26

Protein

Question 27

Where is protease produced?

Answer 27

Pancreas

Small intestine

Stomach

Question 28

What does protease break protein into + uses?

Answer 28

Protein -> Amino Acids

> Make new protein for growth + Repair

Question 29

What dies Lipase breakdown?

Answer 29

Fats

Question 30

Where is Lipase produced?

Answer 30

Pancreas

Small intestine

Question 31

What dies Lipase break fat into + uses?

Answer 31

Fats -> Glycerol / Fatty acids

> Make new healthy fats

Question 32

What does carbohydrase break down?

Amylase

Answer 32

Carbohydrates -> Sugar

Question 33

What Factors affect Enzyme action? (2)

Answer 33

> pH

> Temperature

Question 34

What happens when temperature = TOO HIGH?

Answer 34

Denatures Enzymes

> Active site changes shape = not complementary

Question 35

What happens to Enzymes when temperature = TOO LOW?

Answer 35

Low temp = Particles lack kinetic Energy

> Collisions don’t occur

Question 36

What is meant by optimum temperature / pH?

Answer 36

When an Enzyme works best / not denatured

Question 37

Where is pH in body mostly acidic?

Answer 37

Stomach

> Hydrochloric acid

Question 38

What neutralises stomach acid to prevent Enzymes denaturing?

Answer 38

Bile produced by liver + stored in bile