organic reactions Flashcards by Emily Pollock

Q

alkene to alkane

A

hydrogen gas with nickel catalyst at high temperature and pressure

hydrogen gas with platinum catalyst at RTP

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Q

alkene to haloalkane

A

hydrogen halide

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Q

alkene to alcohol name?

A

hydration

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Q

alkene to alcohol

A

steam and phosphoric acid with high temperature and pressure

concentrated sulphuric acid then add water

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Q

alcohol to alkene

A

concentrated sulphuric acid under reflux

heat with AlCl3

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Q

alkane to haloalkane name

A

radical substitution

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Q

alkane to haloalkane

A

halogen and UV light

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Q

haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH

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Q

Alcohol to haloalkane

A

sodium halide and sulfuric acid

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Q

alcohol to ester

A

carboxylic acid with concentrated sulfuric acid

acid anhydride

acyl chloride

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Q

primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

reflux with acidified potassium dichromate (vi)

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Q

primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

distillation with acidified potassium dichromate (vi)

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Q

aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

data sheet - NaBH4

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Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

reflux with acidified potassium dichromate (vi)

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Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

alcohol and concentrated sulfuric acid

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Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

dilute acid and heat

Q

ester to carboxylic acid name?

A

acidic hydrolysis

Q

ester to carboxylate

A

hydroxide ions and heat

Q

ester to carboxylate name?

A

alkaline hyrdolysis

Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

data sheet - SOCl2

Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

water

Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

alcohol

Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

ammonia

Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

primary amine

Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

data sheet- cyanide ion and ethanol

Q

haloalkane to amine

A

ammonia and ethanol

Q

secondary alcohol to ketone

A

reflux with acidified potassium dichromate

Q

ketone to secondary alcohol

A

data sheet- NaBH4

Q

Ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

sodium cyanide(NaCNaq) and H+(aq)

Q

aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

sodium cyanide (NaCNaq) and H+(aq)

Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

data sheet - H2O HCl and heat

Q

benzene to bromo benzene?

A

Br2 and FeBr3 anhydrous

Q

benzene to chlorobenzene?

A

Cl2 and AlCl3 anhydrous

Q

alkylation of benzene?

A

chloroalkane and AlCl3 anhydrous reflux

Q

Acylation of benzene?

A

acyl chloride and AlCl3 anhydrous reflux

Q

nitration of benzene?

A

c.H2SO4 and c.HNO3

<55 degrees celcius

Q

sulphonation of benzene?

A

c.H2SO4 reflux