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Biology > Organic Compounds > Flashcards

Organic Compounds Flashcards

0
Q

Organic compound

A

Compounds formed from living things containing the element carbon

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1
Q

6 most common elements in living things

A

Carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen phosphorus sulfur

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2
Q

How many bonds does carbon need to be happy

A

4

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3
Q

Macromolecules

A

Giant molecules

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4
Q

Polymerization

A

Small units called monomers Join together to form larger structures called polymers

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5
Q

Function of a carbohydrate

A

Energy source; structural (cell wall)

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6
Q

Chemical structure of carb

A

Cho in rings

1:2:1 ratio

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7
Q

Types of a carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide

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8
Q

Examples of a monosaccharide of a carbohydrate

A

Glucose, fructose, galactose

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9
Q

What are examples of a disaccharide of a carbohydrate

A

Sucrose, lactose, maltose

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10
Q

Examples of a polysaccharide of carbohydrate

A

Cellulose, glycogen, starch

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11
Q

Hydrolysis

A

The process of breaking down polymers by adding water

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12
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Process of building up polymers from monomers by removing water

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13
Q

Functions of lipids

A

Energy storage, protection, waterproof covering, making cell membrane

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14
Q

Types of lipids

A

Fats oils waxes

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15
Q

Chemical structure of a lipid

A

CHO in chains connected by a glycerol

16
Q

Saturated lipid

A

Max number of hydrogen bonds

17
Q

Unsaturated lipid

A

Doesn’t have the max number of hydrogen bonds(probably has a double bond)

18
Q

Function of a nucleic acid

A

Stores/transmits genetic info/codes for your traits

19
Q

Types of nucleic acids

A

DNA/RNA

20
Q

Chemical structures of a nucleic acid

A

Monomer: nucleotide
Polymer:RNA/DNA

21
Q

What is a nucleotide

A

Phosphate group, five Carbon sugar, nitrogen base

22
Q

What elements are in a nucleic acid

A

CHONP

23
Q

Functions of a protein

A

Make up traits, controls rates of reactions, regulate cell processes, form bone and muscle

24
Q

Types of proteins

A

Structural-keratin, collagen
Hemoglobin
Hormonal-insulin
Enzymes-lactase

25
Q

Chemical structure of a protein

A

Amino acid structure

26
Q

Elements in a protein

A

CHON sometimes S

27
Q

Monomer of protein

A

Amino acid structure

28
Q

Polymer of protein

A

Peptide(chain of amino acids)

29
Q

How are amino acids attached to form a peptide?

A

Dehydration synthesis

30
Q

Elements in a carbohydrate

A

CHO

31
Q

Elements In a lipid

A

CHO

32
Q

Elements in a nucleic acid

A

CHONP

33
Q

What makes up a nucleotide

A

Five carbon sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate group

34
Q

What elements(letters) can be in a nitrogen containing base?

A

ACTGU

35
Q

Fat

A

Triglyceride

36
Q

What are the parts of an amino acid structure

A

Amino, carboxyl, r-group

37
Q

What part of the amino acid structure is made of the elements COOH

A

Carboxyl

Biology (10 decks)

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