Organic Chemistry Reactions

Question 1

Addition reaction

Answer 1

Double or triple bond is broken

New molecular fragments are added to both ends of the bond

Question 2

Hydrogenation

Answer 2

Addition of H2 to any alkene
Non-polar substance with catalyst

Alkene + hydrogen –> alkane

Question 3

Halogenation

Answer 3

Addition of X2 to any alkene

Alkene + halogen –> haloalkane

Question 4

Hydrohalogenation

Answer 4

Addition of HX to any alkene
No water

Alkene + hydrogen halide –> haloalkane

Question 5

Hydration

Answer 5

Addition of H2O to any alkene
Steam and a catalyst

Alkene + water –> alcohol

Question 6

Substitution Reaction

Answer 6

One atom is replaced by another

Question 7

Alkanes to haloalkenes

Answer 7

In the presence of light heat

Alkane + halogen –> haloalkane + hydrogen halide

Question 8

Haloalkanes to alcohols

Answer 8

Heat in an alkali solution

Question 9

Elimination reaction

Answer 9

Atoms or molecule fragments are removed from adjacent atoms in a molecule, leaving a double bond with nothing being added

Question 10

Dehydrohalogenation

Answer 10

Elimination of HX from any haloalkane

Hot concentrated solution of KOH in an ethanol solvent.

Question 11

Dehydrogenation of alcohols

Answer 11

Elimination of H2O from any alcohol

Acid catalyzed dehydration

Question 12

Cracking of hydrocarbons

Answer 12

Breaking up of larger molecules into smaller and more useful molecules.
Thermal cracking
Catalytic cracking

Alkane –> alkane + alkene

Question 13

Combustion reactions

Answer 13

Burn in excess oxygen

Form carbon dioxide + water