organic chemistry

Question 1

general formula for both

Answer 1

alkanes = CnH2n+2
Alkenes = CnH2n

Question 2

fractions meaning

Answer 2

a group of compounds with similar boiling points

Question 3

saturated meaning

Answer 3

that their carbon atoms are joined to each other by single bonds

Question 4

unsaturated meaning

Answer 4

that they have a double carbon bonds

Question 5

kerosene

Answer 5

fuel for aircrafts

Question 6

fuel oil

Answer 6

fuel for ships and power stations

Question 7

bitumen

Answer 7

for road surfaces

Question 8

diesel

Answer 8

fuel for some cars and trains

Question 9

gasoline

Answer 9

fuel for cars

Question 10

refinery gas

Answer 10

fuel for domestic cooking

Question 11

members of haemoglobin series

Answer 11

trends in physical properties
the same general formula
similar chemical reactions
same functional groups

Question 12

fuel meaning

Answer 12

realises energy when burnt

Question 13

hydrocarbon

Answer 13

compound that only contains carbon and hydrogen bonds

Question 14

complete combustions

Answer 14

hydrocarbon + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water

Question 15

incomplete combustion equations

Answer 15

hydrocarbon + oxygen - carbon monoxide + water

Question 16

crackling

Answer 16

crackling is the thermal catalytic decomposition of large alkanes one or more smaller alkenes and one alkane

Question 17

long chain hydrocarbon

Answer 17

greater demand
greater supply
alkenes can be used to make polymers

Question 18

how are fraction obtained

Answer 18

crude oil being heated and then passed over a catalyst and then the fraction are condensed into different higets

Question 19

incomplete combustion dangers

Answer 19

co produced
is toxic
binds to haemoglobin preventing oxygen transport
is colourless and orderless so harder to detect

Question 20

fraction distillation for crude oil

Answer 20

use a Liebig cindenser and thermometer. heat the crude oil then collect the liquids