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chemistry > acids bases and salts > Flashcards

acids bases and salts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of the pH scale?

A

pH scale is used to show the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

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2
Q

metal + acid →

A

salt + hydrogen

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3
Q

alkali + acid →

A

salt + water

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4
Q

What type of reaction is an metal + acid reaction?

A

redox reaction

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5
Q

metal hydroxide + acid →

A

salt + water

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6
Q

metal carbonate + acid →

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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7
Q

acid + base →

A

salt + water

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8
Q

Acid ion

A

(H+)

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9
Q

Base ion

A

(OH-)

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10
Q

Neutralisation reaction

A

Reaction in which acids react with bases or alkalis to produce salts.

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11
Q

Titration

A

Used to follow the course of a neutralisation reaction which can be used to find out how much of an acid/alkali reacts with a certain volume of an alkali/acid.

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12
Q

crystillation

long explanation

A 
Heat the filtrate 
Until crystals form in a cooled sample 
Leave the solution to cool and filter to remove crystals 
Wash with deionised water 
Dry on filter paper
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13
Q

insoluble salt separation long explanation

A 
Mix 
Stir using a glass rod 
Flitter 
Wash in deionised water 
Dry and leave in warm place
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14
Q

what elements in reactivity series don’t react with acid

A

below hydrogen

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15
Q

what elements don’t react with water

A

below calcium

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16
Q

what colour is chlorine and state

A

green gas

17
Q

what is bromine colour and state

A

red brown and liquid

18
Q

what is iodine colour and state

A

dark grey solid

19
Q

Why do halogens become less reactive as you go down?

A

Because there are more shells so it is harder to attract the extra electron when it is further away from the nucleus

20
Q

Sodium + water > what ?

A

Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

21
Q

sodium + oxygen

A

mixture of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide Na2O2

22
Q

Potassium + oxygen

A

mixture of potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide (Ko2)

23
Q

is top or bottom in group one more reactive

A

bottom

24
Q

Why do the group one elements become more reactive as you go down?

A

Because they have more outer shells which have weaker attraction to the nucleus so the outer electron is more easily lost

25
Q

what chlorides are insoluble

A

silver chloride and lead chloride

26
Q

what sulfates are insoluble

A

lead, barium and calcium sulfate

27
Q

what carbonates are insoluble

A

all expect sodium potassium and ammoium

28
Q

what hydroxides are insoulbe

A

all expect sodium potassium and calcium

29
Q

potassium and water reaction

A

violently and lilac flame

30
Q

sodium and water reaction

A

very quickly bubbles of gas and melts into a shinny ball that dashes around

31
Q

lithium and water reaction

A

quickly and bubbles of gas

32
Q

calcium and water reaction

A

bubbles of gas

white predicate produced

33
Q

everting below calcium

A

reacts
bubbles of gas
and disappers

34
Q

pure dry sample of copper sulphate from sulfric acid and copper oxide

A

warm the acid in a water bath add excess of metal to acid when the reaction is complete filter the reaction mixture to remove the excess metal heat the reaming solution gently to evaporate off some of the water leave the solution to cool and allow the salt to crystallise filter off the soild salt and leave the crystals to dry

35
Q

percentage of gases in the air

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% argon
0.04% carbon dioxide

36
Q

balanced equation for sodium + water

A

2 Na ( s ) + 2 H2O ( l ) > 2 NaOH ( aq ) + H2 ( g

37
Q

what nitrates are soluble

A

all

38
Q

what posstasium sodium and ammonia are soluble

A

all

39
Q

insoluble salt

A

Add sparula of salt and add deionised water shake to ensure that it has dissolved same with other salt. mix both together stiring with a glass rod
filter
wash with deionised water
leave to dry in an oven

chemistry (21 decks)

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